bopha

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?], from Proto-Bantu *-bópa.

Verb

-bópha

  1. (transitive) to tie

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?], from Proto-Bantu *-bópa.

Verb

-bópha

  1. (transitive) to fasten

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Nguni [Term?], from Proto-Bantu *-bópa.

Verb

-bópha

  1. (transitive) to bind, to tie
  2. (transitive) to fasten
  3. (transitive) to arrest, to capture
  4. (transitive) to imprison

Inflection
Tone H
Infinitive ukubopha
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukubopha ukungabophi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular bopha -bophe
Plural bophani -bopheni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyabopha, ngibopha engibophayo, engibopha ngibopha angibophi engingabophi ngingabophi
2nd singular uyabopha, ubopha obophayo, obopha ubopha awubophi ongabophi ungabophi
1st plural siyabopha, sibopha esibophayo, esibopha sibopha asibophi esingabophi singabophi
2nd plural niyabopha, nibopha enibophayo, enibopha nibopha anibophi eningabophi ningabophi
Class 1 uyabopha, ubopha obophayo, obopha ebopha akabophi ongabophi engabophi
Class 2 bayabopha, babopha ababophayo, ababopha bebopha ababophi abangabophi bengabophi
Class 3 uyabopha, ubopha obophayo, obopha ubopha awubophi ongabophi ungabophi
Class 4 iyabopha, ibopha ebophayo, ebopha ibopha ayibophi engabophi ingabophi
Class 5 liyabopha, libopha elibophayo, elibopha libopha alibophi elingabophi lingabophi
Class 6 ayabopha, abopha abophayo, abopha ebopha awabophi angabophi engabophi
Class 7 siyabopha, sibopha esibophayo, esibopha sibopha asibophi esingabophi singabophi
Class 8 ziyabopha, zibopha ezibophayo, ezibopha zibopha azibophi ezingabophi zingabophi
Class 9 iyabopha, ibopha ebophayo, ebopha ibopha ayibophi engabophi ingabophi
Class 10 ziyabopha, zibopha ezibophayo, ezibopha zibopha azibophi ezingabophi zingabophi
Class 11 luyabopha, lubopha olubophayo, olubopha lubopha alubophi olungabophi lungabophi
Class 14 buyabopha, bubopha obubophayo, obubopha bubopha abubophi obungabophi bungabophi
Class 15 kuyabopha, kubopha okubophayo, okubopha kubopha akubophi okungabophi kungabophi
Class 17 kuyabopha, kubopha okubophayo, okubopha kubopha akubophi okungabophi kungabophi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngibophile, ngibophē engibophile, engibophē ngibophile, ngibophē angibophanga engingabophanga ngingabophanga
2nd singular ubophile, ubophē obophile, obophē ubophile, ubophē awubophanga ongabophanga ungabophanga
1st plural sibophile, sibophē esibophile, esibophē sibophile, sibophē asibophanga esingabophanga singabophanga
2nd plural nibophile, nibophē enibophile, enibophē nibophile, nibophē anibophanga eningabophanga ningabophanga
Class 1 ubophile, ubophē obophile, obophē ebophile, ebophē akabophanga ongabophanga engabophanga
Class 2 babophile, babophē ababophile, ababophē bebophile, bebophē ababophanga abangabophanga bengabophanga
Class 3 ubophile, ubophē obophile, obophē ubophile, ubophē awubophanga ongabophanga ungabophanga
Class 4 ibophile, ibophē ebophile, ebophē ibophile, ibophē ayibophanga engabophanga ingabophanga
Class 5 libophile, libophē elibophile, elibophē libophile, libophē alibophanga elingabophanga lingabophanga
Class 6 abophile, abophē abophile, abophē ebophile, ebophē awabophanga angabophanga engabophanga
Class 7 sibophile, sibophē esibophile, esibophē sibophile, sibophē asibophanga esingabophanga singabophanga
Class 8 zibophile, zibophē ezibophile, ezibophē zibophile, zibophē azibophanga ezingabophanga zingabophanga
Class 9 ibophile, ibophē ebophile, ebophē ibophile, ibophē ayibophanga engabophanga ingabophanga
Class 10 zibophile, zibophē ezibophile, ezibophē zibophile, zibophē azibophanga ezingabophanga zingabophanga
Class 11 lubophile, lubophē olubophile, olubophē lubophile, lubophē alubophanga olungabophanga lungabophanga
Class 14 bubophile, bubophē obubophile, obubophē bubophile, bubophē abubophanga obungabophanga bungabophanga
Class 15 kubophile, kubophē okubophile, okubophē kubophile, kubophē akubophanga okungabophanga kungabophanga
Class 17 kubophile, kubophē okubophile, okubophē kubophile, kubophē akubophanga okungabophanga kungabophanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngābopha engābopha ngābopha angibophanga engingabophanga ngingabophanga
2nd singular wābopha owābopha wābopha awubophanga ongabophanga ungabophanga
1st plural sābopha esābopha sābopha asibophanga esingabophanga singabophanga
2nd plural nābopha enābopha nābopha anibophanga eningabophanga ningabophanga
Class 1 wābopha owābopha ābopha akabophanga ongabophanga engabophanga
Class 2 bābopha abābopha bābopha ababophanga abangabophanga bengabophanga
Class 3 wābopha owābopha wābopha awubophanga ongabophanga ungabophanga
Class 4 yābopha eyābopha yābopha ayibophanga engabophanga ingabophanga
Class 5 lābopha elābopha lābopha alibophanga elingabophanga lingabophanga
Class 6 ābopha ābopha ābopha awabophanga angabophanga engabophanga
Class 7 sābopha esābopha sābopha asibophanga esingabophanga singabophanga
Class 8 zābopha ezābopha zābopha azibophanga ezingabophanga zingabophanga
Class 9 yābopha eyābopha yābopha ayibophanga engabophanga ingabophanga
Class 10 zābopha ezābopha zābopha azibophanga ezingabophanga zingabophanga
Class 11 lwābopha olwābopha lwābopha alubophanga olungabophanga lungabophanga
Class 14 bābopha obābopha bābopha abubophanga obungabophanga bungabophanga
Class 15 kwābopha okwābopha kwābopha akubophanga okungabophanga kungabophanga
Class 17 kwābopha okwābopha kwābopha akubophanga okungabophanga kungabophanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingabopha — ngingabopha ngingebophe — ngingebophe
2nd singular ungabopha — ungabopha ungebophe — ungebophe
1st plural singabopha — singabopha singebophe — singebophe
2nd plural ningabopha — ningabopha ningebophe — ningebophe
Class 1 angabopha — engabopha angebophe — engebophe
Class 2 bangabopha — bengabopha bangebophe — bengebophe
Class 3 ungabopha — ungabopha ungebophe — ungebophe
Class 4 ingabopha — ingabopha ingebophe — ingebophe
Class 5 lingabopha — lingabopha lingebophe — lingebophe
Class 6 angabopha — engabopha angebophe — engebophe
Class 7 singabopha — singabopha singebophe — singebophe
Class 8 zingabopha — zingabopha zingebophe — zingebophe
Class 9 ingabopha — ingabopha ingebophe — ingebophe
Class 10 zingabopha — zingabopha zingebophe — zingebophe
Class 11 lungabopha — lungabopha lungebophe — lungebophe
Class 14 bungabopha — bungabopha bungebophe — bungebophe
Class 15 kungabopha — kungabopha kungebophe — kungebophe
Class 17 kungabopha — kungabopha kungebophe — kungebophe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizobopha engizobopha ngizobopha angizubopha — ngingezubopha
2nd singular uzobopha ozobopha uzobopha awuzubopha — ungezubopha
1st plural sizobopha esizobopha sizobopha asizubopha — singezubopha
2nd plural nizobopha enizobopha nizobopha anizubopha — ningezubopha
Class 1 uzobopha ozobopha ezobopha akazubopha — engezubopha
Class 2 bazobopha abazobopha bezobopha abazubopha — bengezubopha
Class 3 uzobopha ozobopha uzobopha awuzubopha — ungezubopha
Class 4 izobopha ezobopha izobopha ayizubopha — ingezubopha
Class 5 lizobopha elizobopha lizobopha alizubopha — lingezubopha
Class 6 azobopha azobopha ezobopha awazubopha — engezubopha
Class 7 sizobopha esizobopha sizobopha asizubopha — singezubopha
Class 8 zizobopha ezizobopha zizobopha azizubopha — zingezubopha
Class 9 izobopha ezobopha izobopha ayizubopha — ingezubopha
Class 10 zizobopha ezizobopha zizobopha azizubopha — zingezubopha
Class 11 luzobopha oluzobopha luzobopha aluzubopha — lungezubopha
Class 14 buzobopha obuzobopha buzobopha abuzubopha — bungezubopha
Class 15 kuzobopha okuzobopha kuzobopha akuzubopha — kungezubopha
Class 17 kuzobopha okuzobopha kuzobopha akuzubopha — kungezubopha
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyobopha engiyobopha ngiyobopha angiyubopha — ngingeyubopha
2nd singular uyobopha oyobopha uyobopha awuyubopha — ungeyubopha
1st plural siyobopha esiyobopha siyobopha asiyubopha — singeyubopha
2nd plural niyobopha eniyobopha niyobopha aniyubopha — ningeyubopha
Class 1 uyobopha oyobopha eyobopha akayubopha — engeyubopha
Class 2 bayobopha abayobopha beyobopha abayubopha — bengeyubopha
Class 3 uyobopha oyobopha uyobopha awuyubopha — ungeyubopha
Class 4 iyobopha eyobopha iyobopha ayiyubopha — ingeyubopha
Class 5 liyobopha eliyobopha liyobopha aliyubopha — lingeyubopha
Class 6 ayobopha ayobopha eyobopha awayubopha — engeyubopha
Class 7 siyobopha esiyobopha siyobopha asiyubopha — singeyubopha
Class 8 ziyobopha eziyobopha ziyobopha aziyubopha — zingeyubopha
Class 9 iyobopha eyobopha iyobopha ayiyubopha — ingeyubopha
Class 10 ziyobopha eziyobopha ziyobopha aziyubopha — zingeyubopha
Class 11 luyobopha oluyobopha luyobopha aluyubopha — lungeyubopha
Class 14 buyobopha obuyobopha buyobopha abuyubopha — bungeyubopha
Class 15 kuyobopha okuyobopha kuyobopha akuyubopha — kungeyubopha
Class 17 kuyobopha okuyobopha kuyobopha akuyubopha — kungeyubopha
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngibophe ngingabophi
2nd singular ubophe ungabophi
1st plural sibophe singabophi
2nd plural nibophe ningabophi
Class 1 abophe angabophi
Class 2 babophe bangabophi
Class 3 ubophe ungabophi
Class 4 ibophe ingabophi
Class 5 libophe lingabophi
Class 6 abophe angabophi
Class 7 sibophe singabophi
Class 8 zibophe zingabophi
Class 9 ibophe ingabophi
Class 10 zibophe zingabophi
Class 11 lubophe lungabophi
Class 14 bubophe bungabophi
Class 15 kubophe kungabophi
Class 17 kubophe kungabophi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngabopha ngangabopha, angabopha, angangabopha
2nd singular wabopha wangabopha, awabopha, awangabopha
1st plural sabopha sangabopha, asabopha, asangabopha
2nd plural nabopha nangabopha, anabopha, anangabopha
Class 1 wabopha wangabopha, akabopha, akangabopha
Class 2 babopha bangabopha, ababopha, abangabopha
Class 3 wabopha wangabopha, awabopha, awangabopha
Class 4 yabopha yangabopha, ayabopha, ayangabopha
Class 5 labopha langabopha, alabopha, alangabopha
Class 6 abopha angabopha, awabopha, awangabopha
Class 7 sabopha sangabopha, asabopha, asangabopha
Class 8 zabopha zangabopha, azabopha, azangabopha
Class 9 yabopha yangabopha, ayabopha, ayangabopha
Class 10 zabopha zangabopha, azabopha, azangabopha
Class 11 lwabopha lwangabopha, alwabopha, alwangabopha
Class 14 babopha bangabopha, ababopha, abangabopha
Class 15 kwabopha kwangabopha, akwabopha, akwangabopha
Class 17 kwabopha kwangabopha, akwabopha, akwangabopha
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