dotuit
Old Irish
Etymology
to- + Proto-Celtic *tudo-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd- (“to push, hit”); cognate with Sanskrit तुदति (tudáti), Latin tundō, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽 (stautan).[1] The final consonant originated in the prototonic ·tuit /ˈtutʲ/ from */ˈtoθuðθʲ/, syncopated from *to-tudeti, and later spread to the deuterotonic. The /u/ vowel, on the other hand, originated in the deuterotonic and later spread to the prototonic, as the original prototonic form */ˈtoθuðθʲ/ would normally have become *·túait */ˈtuːa̯tʲ/.[2]
The preterite stem is from to- + Proto-Celtic *kerati (“to fall”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“to break”); cognate with Sanskrit शृणाति (śṛṇā́ti, “to crush”) and Ancient Greek κεραΐζω (keraḯzō, “to ravage, plunder”).[3]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /doˈtutʲ/
Verb
do·tuit (prototonic ·tuit, verbal noun tothaimm)
- to fall (move to a lower position under the effect of gravity; come down or descend)
Conjugation
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | do·tuit | do·tuitet | do·tuiter | |||||
| Prot. | ·tuit | ·tuitet | ·tuiter | ||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·tuititis | ||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | do·ceir | do·certar | ||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | do·rochair | do·rochratar | ||||||
| Prot. | ·torchar | ·torchar | ·torchair | ||||||
| Future | Deut. | do·tóeth | do·tóethsat | ||||||
| Prot. | ·tóethus | ·tóethais | ·tóeth | ·tóethsat | |||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·tóethsad | ·tóethsaitis | |||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | do·rothudus (ro-form) | do·todsat | ||||||
| Prot. | ·tothais | ·torthaissem (ro-form) | ·todsat ·torthaisset (ro-form) |
||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | do·toidsinn | do·rothsad (ro-form) | ||||||
| Prot. | ·todsaitis | ||||||||
| Imperative | tuit | ||||||||
| Verbal noun | tothaimm | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*tudo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 393
- Stüber, Karin (1998) The Historical Morphology of n-stems in Celtic (Maynooth Studies in Celtic Linguistics; III), Maynooth: The Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland, →ISBN, pages 76–77
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*kerV-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 202
Further reading
- C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “1 do·tuit”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN