eistedd

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *eks-dī-sedo-, the root of which is from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“sit”).

Pronunciation
  • (North Wales) (standard) IPA(key): /ˈei̯sdɛð/, [ˈei̯stɛð]
    • (North Wales) (colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈɪsdɛ/, [ˈɪstɛ], /ˈɪsda/, [ˈɪsta]
  • (South Wales) (standard) IPA(key): /ˈei̯sdɛð/, [ˈei̯stɛð]
    • (South Wales) (colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈɪsdɛ/, [ˈɪstɛ], /ˈɪʃdɛ/, [ˈɪʃtɛ]

Verb

eistedd (first-person singular present eisteddaf)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to sit

Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future eisteddaf eisteddi eistedda eisteddwn eisteddwch eisteddant eisteddir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional		 eisteddwn eisteddit eisteddai eisteddem eisteddech eisteddent eisteddid
preterite eisteddais eisteddaist eisteddodd eisteddasom eisteddasoch eisteddasant eisteddwyd
pluperfect eisteddaswn eisteddasit eisteddasai eisteddasem eisteddasech eisteddasent eisteddasid, eisteddesid
present subjunctive eisteddwyf eisteddych eisteddo eisteddom eisteddoch eisteddont eistedder
imperative — eistedda eistedded eisteddwn eisteddwch eisteddent eistedder
verbal noun eistedd
verbal adjectives eisteddedig
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future eistedda i, eisteddaf i eisteddi di eisteddith o/e/hi, eisteddiff e/hi eisteddwn ni eisteddwch chi eisteddan nhw
conditional eisteddwn i, eisteddswn i eisteddet ti, eisteddset ti eisteddai fo/fe/hi, eisteddsai fo/fe/hi eistedden ni, eisteddsen ni eisteddech chi, eisteddsech chi eistedden nhw, eisteddsen nhw
preterite eisteddais i, eisteddes i eisteddaist ti, eisteddest ti eisteddodd o/e/hi eisteddon ni eisteddoch chi eisteddon nhw
imperative — eistedda — — eisteddwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalh-prothesis
eistedd unchanged unchanged heistedd
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • Angharad Fychan and Ann Parry Owen, editors (2014), “eistedd”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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