escrier
Middle French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old French escrier (“to scream”).
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of escrier
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | escrier | avoir escrié | |||||
| gerund | en escriant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | escriant | ||||||
| past participle | escrié | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | escrie | escries | escrie | escrions | escriez | escrient |
| imperfect | escriois, escrioys | escriois, escrioys | escrioit, escrioyt | escriions, escriyons | escriiez, escriyez | escrioient, escrioyent | |
| past historic | escria | escrias | escria | escriasmes | escriastes | escrierent | |
| future | escrierai, escrieray | escrieras | escriera | escrierons | escrierez | escrieront | |
| conditional | escrierois, escrieroys | escrierois, escrieroys | escrieroit, escrieroyt | escrierions, escrieryons | escrieriez, escrieryez | escrieroient, escrieroyent | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | escrie | escries | escrie | escrions | escriez | escrient |
| imperfect | escriasse | escriasses | escriast | escriassions | escriassiez | escriassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | escrie | — | escrions | escriez | — | ||
Old French
Alternative forms
- acrier, escrïer (some scholars use a diaeresis)
Etymology
From es- (“out”) + crier (“to cry, shout, proclaim”); and also from Frankish *skrīan (“to yell, scream, call out, shout”), from Proto-Germanic *skrījaną (“to cry out”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerei- (“to scream, caw”). Cognate with Old High German scrīan ("to yell, scream, cry out, shout"; > German schreien), Middle Low German scrien (“to scream, shout, complain, call”), West Frisian skreauwe (“to cry out”). More at cry.
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of escrier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | escrier | avoir escrïé | |||||
| gerund | en escriant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | escriant | ||||||
| past participle | escrïé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | escri | escrïes | escrïe | escrions | escrïez | escrïent |
| imperfect | escrioie, escrïeie, escrioe, escrïeve | escrioies, escrïeies, escrioes, escrïeves | escrioit, escrïeit, escriot, escrïeve | escriiiens, escriiens | escriiiez, escriiez | escrioient, escrïeient, escrioent, escrïevent | |
| preterite | escriai | escrias | escria | escriames | escriastes | escrïerent | |
| future | escrïerai | escrïeras | escrïera | escrïerons | escrïeroiz, escrïereiz, escrïerez | escrïeront | |
| conditional | escrïeroie, escrïereie | escrïeroies, escrïereies | escrïeroit, escrïereit | escrïeriiens, escrïeriens | escrïeriiez, escrïeriez | escrïeroient, escrïereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | escri | escris | escrit | escrions | escrïez | escrïent |
| imperfect | escriasse | escriasses | escriast | escriissons, escriissiens | escriissoiz, escriissez, escriissiez | escriassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | escrïe | — | escrions | escrïez | — | ||
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