esperer
See also: espérer
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French esperer.
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of esperer
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | esperer | avoir esperé | |||||
gerund | en esperant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | esperant | ||||||
past participle | esperé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
simple tenses |
present | espere | esperes | espere | esperons | esperez | esperent |
imperfect | esperois, esperoys | esperois, esperoys | esperoit, esperoyt | esperions, esperyons | esperiez, esperyez | esperoient, esperoyent | |
past historic | espera | esperas | espera | esperasmes | esperastes | espererent | |
future | espererai, espereray | espereras | esperera | espererons | espererez | espereront | |
conditional | espererois, espereroys | espererois, espereroys | espereroit, espereroyt | espererions, espereryons | espereriez, espereryez | espereroient, espereroyent | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
simple tenses |
present | espere | esperes | espere | esperons | esperez | esperent |
imperfect | esperasse | esperasses | esperast | esperassions | esperassiez | esperassent | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
— | espere | — | esperons | esperez | — |
Old French
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb has a stressed present stem espoir distinct from the unstressed stem esper. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of esperer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | esperer | avoir esperé | |||||
gerund | en esperant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | esperant | ||||||
past participle | esperé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | espoir | espoires | espoire | esperons | esperez | espoirent |
imperfect | esperoie, espereie, esperoe, espereve | esperoies, espereies, esperoes, espereves | esperoit, espereit, esperot, espereve | esperiiens, esperiens | esperiiez, esperiez | esperoient, espereient, esperoent, esperevent | |
preterite | esperai | esperas | espera | esperames | esperastes | espererent | |
future | espererai | espereras | esperera | espererons | espereroiz, esperereiz, espererez | espereront | |
conditional | espereroie, esperereie | espereroies, esperereies | espereroit, esperereit | espereriiens, espereriens | espereriiez, espereriez | espereroient, esperereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | espoir | espoirs | espoirt | esperons | esperez | espoirent |
imperfect | esperasse | esperasses | esperast | esperissons, esperissiens | esperissoiz, esperissez, esperissiez | esperassent | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | espoire | — | esperons | esperez | — |
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