excrucio

Latin

Etymology

From ex- (“out of, from”) +‎ cruciō (“crucify; torture, torment”).

Pronunciation
  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ekˈskru.ki.oː/, [ɛkˈskrʊ.ki.oː]

Verb

excruciō (present infinitive excruciāre, perfect active excruciāvī, supine excruciātum); first conjugation

  1. I torment greatly, torture, rack, plague; afflict, distress, harass, vex.
  2. I force out by torturing, extort.

Inflection
   Conjugation of excrucio (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excruciō excruciās excruciat excruciāmus excruciātis excruciant
imperfect excruciābam excruciābās excruciābat excruciābāmus excruciābātis excruciābant
future excruciābō excruciābis excruciābit excruciābimus excruciābitis excruciābunt
perfect excruciāvī excruciāvistī excruciāvit excruciāvimus excruciāvistis excruciāvērunt, excruciāvēre
pluperfect excruciāveram excruciāverās excruciāverat excruciāverāmus excruciāverātis excruciāverant
future perfect excruciāverō excruciāveris excruciāverit excruciāverimus excruciāveritis excruciāverint
passive present excrucior excruciāris, excruciāre excruciātur excruciāmur excruciāminī excruciantur
imperfect excruciābar excruciābāris, excruciābāre excruciābātur excruciābāmur excruciābāminī excruciābantur
future excruciābor excruciāberis, excruciābere excruciābitur excruciābimur excruciābiminī excruciābuntur
perfect excruciātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect excruciātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect excruciātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excruciem excruciēs excruciet excruciēmus excruciētis excrucient
imperfect excruciārem excruciārēs excruciāret excruciārēmus excruciārētis excruciārent
perfect excruciāverim excruciāverīs excruciāverit excruciāverimus excruciāveritis excruciāverint
pluperfect excruciāvissem excruciāvissēs excruciāvisset excruciāvissēmus excruciāvissētis excruciāvissent
passive present excrucier excruciēris, excruciēre excruciētur excruciēmur excruciēminī excrucientur
imperfect excruciārer excruciārēris, excruciārēre excruciārētur excruciārēmur excruciārēminī excruciārentur
perfect excruciātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect excruciātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — excruciā — — excruciāte —
future — excruciātō excruciātō — excruciātōte excruciantō
passive present — excruciāre — — excruciāminī —
future — excruciātor excruciātor — — excruciantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives excruciāre excruciāvisse excruciātūrus esse excruciārī, excruciārier1 excruciātus esse excruciātum īrī
participles excruciāns — excruciātūrus — excruciātus excruciandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
nominative genitive dative/ablative accusative accusative ablative
excruciāre excruciandī excruciandō excruciandum excruciātum excruciātū

1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested for this verb.

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • excruciābilis
  • excruciātiō

Descendants

References
  • excrucio in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • excrucio in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • excrucio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be tormented by remorse: conscientia mala angi, excruciari
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