ferme
English
References
- OED2
- 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fɛʁm/
audio (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle French ferme, from Old French ferm, ferme (“solid”), from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-, *dʰrē- (“to hold”).
Verb
ferme
- inflection of fermer:
- first-person and third-person singular present indicative and subjunctive
- second-person singular imperative
Etymology 2
From Middle French ferme (“farm, farm buildings”), from Old French ferme (“lease for working, rent, farm”), from Medieval Latin ferma, firma (“rent, tax, tribute, farm”), from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *fermō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from Proto-Germanic *ferhwō (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”). Related to Old English feorh (“life, spirit”), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍈𐌿𐍃 (fairƕus, “the world”). Compare also Old English feormehām (“farm”), feormere (“purveyor”).
Derived terms
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Further reading
- “ferme” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Italian
Latin
Etymology
From *ferimē, earlier superlative of ferē, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”). Cognates include firmus.
Adverb
fermē (not comparable)
- Closely, quite, entirely, fully, altogether, just.
- In general, generally, usually, commonly, for most of the time.
References
- ferme in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ferme in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ferme in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French ferm, ferme (“solid”), from Latin firmus (“solid, secure”), from Proto-Indo-European *dher(ə)-, *dhrē- (“to hold”).
Old French
Etymology
From Medieval Latin ferma, firma (“rent, tax, tribute, farm”), from Old English feorm (“rent, provision, supplies, feast”), from Proto-Germanic *firmō, *firhuma- (“means of living, subsistence”), from *firhu- (“life force, body, being”), from Proto-Indo-European *perkʷ- (“life, force, strength, tree”).