guarder
English
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɡɑːdə/
Noun
guarder (plural guarders)
- A person who guards; a guard.
- 1603, John Florio, transl.; Michel de Montaigne, chapter 27, in The Essayes, […], book II, printed at London: By Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], OCLC 946730821:
- they found themselves in view of the town, whence the night before they had hoised sailes, where they were pursued by the guarders and Souldiers of the Port.
-
- (school slang, soccer) A goalkeeper.
Derived terms
- (goalkeeper): second-guarder, third-guarder
References
- (goalkeeper): Farmer, John Stephen (1890–1904) Slang and Its Analogues, page 104
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French guarder.
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of guarder
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | guarder | avoir guardé | |||||
gerund | en guardant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | guardant | ||||||
past participle | guardé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
simple tenses |
present | guarde | guardes | guarde | guardons | guardez | guardent |
imperfect | guardois, guardoys | guardois, guardoys | guardoit, guardoyt | guardions, guardyons | guardiez, guardyez | guardoient, guardoyent | |
past historic | guarda | guardas | guarda | guardasmes | guardastes | guarderent | |
future | guarderai, guarderay | guarderas | guardera | guarderons | guarderez | guarderont | |
conditional | guarderois, guarderoys | guarderois, guarderoys | guarderoit, guarderoyt | guarderions, guarderyons | guarderiez, guarderyez | guarderoient, guarderoyent | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
simple tenses |
present | guarde | guardes | guarde | guardons | guardez | guardent |
imperfect | guardasse | guardasses | guardast | guardassions | guardassiez | guardassent | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
— | guarde | — | guardons | guardez | — |
Old French
Etymology
From Medieval Latin wardāre (“to herd, ward against, guard”).
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-d, *-ds, *-dt are modified to t, z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of guarder (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | guarder | avoir guardé | |||||
gerund | en guardant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | guardant | ||||||
past participle | guardé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | guart | guardes | guarde | guardons | guardez | guardent |
imperfect | guardoie, guardeie, guardoe, guardeve | guardoies, guardeies, guardoes, guardeves | guardoit, guardeit, guardot, guardeve | guardiiens, guardiens | guardiiez, guardiez | guardoient, guardeient, guardoent, guardevent | |
preterite | guardai | guardas | guarda | guardames | guardastes | guarderent | |
future | guarderai | guarderas | guardera | guarderons | guarderoiz, guardereiz, guarderez | guarderont | |
conditional | guarderoie, guardereie | guarderoies, guardereies | guarderoit, guardereit | guarderiiens, guarderiens | guarderiiez, guarderiez | guarderoient, guardereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | guart | guarz | guart | guardons | guardez | guardent |
imperfect | guardasse | guardasses | guardast | guardissons, guardissiens | guardissoiz, guardissez, guardissiez | guardassent | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | guarde | — | guardons | guardez | — |
Descendants
- Bourguignon: gadier, gadai
- Champenois: vadya
- Franc-Comtois: gaidjai, vădjaî
- Middle French: garder
- French: garder
- Old Lorrain: warzer
- Lorrain: vadya
- Norman: garder, gardaïr
- Picard: wardeu (Artésien)
- Walloon: aurder (Charleroi), aurdè (Forrières), wårder (Liégeois)
- → Middle English: guard
- English: guard
References
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (garder)
- garder on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
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