havahtua
Finnish
Verb
havahtua
- (intransitive) to start, be startled (to awaken suddenly)
- (intransitive) to sit up (to show sudden interest or surprise)
Conjugation
| Inflection of havahtua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, t-d gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | havahdun | en havahdu | 1st sing. | olen havahtunut | en ole havahtunut | |
| 2nd sing. | havahdut | et havahdu | 2nd sing. | olet havahtunut | et ole havahtunut | |
| 3rd sing. | havahtuu | ei havahdu | 3rd sing. | on havahtunut | ei ole havahtunut | |
| 1st plur. | havahdumme | emme havahdu | 1st plur. | olemme havahtuneet | emme ole havahtuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | havahdutte | ette havahdu | 2nd plur. | olette havahtuneet | ette ole havahtuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | havahtuvat | eivät havahdu | 3rd plur. | ovat havahtuneet | eivät ole havahtuneet | |
| passive | havahdutaan | ei havahduta | passive | on havahduttu | ei ole havahduttu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | havahduin | en havahtunut | 1st sing. | olin havahtunut | en ollut havahtunut | |
| 2nd sing. | havahduit | et havahtunut | 2nd sing. | olit havahtunut | et ollut havahtunut | |
| 3rd sing. | havahtui | ei havahtunut | 3rd sing. | oli havahtunut | ei ollut havahtunut | |
| 1st plur. | havahduimme | emme havahtuneet | 1st plur. | olimme havahtuneet | emme olleet havahtuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | havahduitte | ette havahtuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte havahtuneet | ette olleet havahtuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | havahtuivat | eivät havahtuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat havahtuneet | eivät olleet havahtuneet | |
| passive | havahduttiin | ei havahduttu | passive | oli havahduttu | ei ollut havahduttu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | havahtuisin | en havahtuisi | 1st sing. | olisin havahtunut | en olisi havahtunut | |
| 2nd sing. | havahtuisit | et havahtuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit havahtunut | et olisi havahtunut | |
| 3rd sing. | havahtuisi | ei havahtuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi havahtunut | ei olisi havahtunut | |
| 1st plur. | havahtuisimme | emme havahtuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme havahtuneet | emme olisi havahtuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | havahtuisitte | ette havahtuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte havahtuneet | ette olisi havahtuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | havahtuisivat | eivät havahtuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat havahtuneet | eivät olisi havahtuneet | |
| passive | havahduttaisiin | ei havahduttaisi | passive | olisi havahduttu | ei olisi havahduttu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | havahdu | älä havahdu | 2nd sing. | ole havahtunut | älä ole havahtunut | |
| 3rd sing. | havahtukoon | älköön havahtuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon havahtunut | älköön olko havahtunut | |
| 1st plur. | havahtukaamme | älkäämme havahtuko | 1st plur. | olkaamme havahtuneet | älkäämme olko havahtuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | havahtukaa | älkää havahtuko | 2nd plur. | olkaa havahtuneet | älkää olko havahtuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | havahtukoot | älkööt havahtuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot havahtuneet | älkööt olko havahtuneet | |
| passive | havahduttakoon | älköön havahduttako | passive | olkoon havahduttu | älköön olko havahduttu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | havahtunen | en havahtune | 1st sing. | lienen havahtunut | en liene havahtunut | |
| 2nd sing. | havahtunet | et havahtune | 2nd sing. | lienet havahtunut | et liene havahtunut | |
| 3rd sing. | havahtunee | ei havahtune | 3rd sing. | lienee havahtunut | ei liene havahtunut | |
| 1st plur. | havahtunemme | emme havahtune | 1st plur. | lienemme havahtuneet | emme liene havahtuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | havahtunette | ette havahtune | 2nd plur. | lienette havahtuneet | ette liene havahtuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | havahtunevat | eivät havahtune | 3rd plur. | lienevät havahtuneet | eivät liene havahtuneet | |
| passive | havahduttaneen | ei havahduttane | passive | lienee havahduttu | ei liene havahduttu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | havahtua | present | havahtuva | havahduttava | ||
| long 1st2 | havahtuakseen | past | havahtunut | havahduttu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | havahtuessa | havahduttaessa | agent1, 3 | havahtuma | |
| instructive | havahtuen | — | negative | havahtumaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | havahtumassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | havahtumasta | — | ||||
| illative | havahtumaan | — | ||||
| adessive | havahtumalla | — | ||||
| abessive | havahtumatta | — | ||||
| instructive | havahtuman | havahduttaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | havahtuminen | ||||
| partitive | havahtumista | |||||
| 5th2 | havahtumaisillaan | |||||
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