hongweibing

From Mandarin 紅衛兵／红卫兵 (hóngwèibīng, “red defense soldier; red guard”)

hongweibing (plural hongweibing)

1. (historical) Red Guards, a mass movement of civilians, mostly students and other young people in China, who were mobilized by Mao Zedong in 1966 and 1967, during the Cultural Revolution.

Qing declined to plead guilty of the mass crimes committed by hongweibing during the "cultural revolution" and referred directly to Mao Zedong as the main organiser and instigator of those crimes. (1979)