kauns

From Proto-Baltic *kaunas, from Proto-Indo-European *kau-no-s, from the stem *kaw- (“to humiliate”), which may be related to *kew- (“to bend, to bow”). Cognates include Lithuanian kūvė́ties (“to feel ashamed”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃 (hauns, “low, depressed”), Old High German hōnida (“shame, dishonor”), German Hohn (“mocking”), Ancient Greek καυνός (kaunós, “bad, ugly”).[1]

• IPA^(key): [kàwns]

kauns m (1st declension)

1. shame (moral feeling associated with discomfort felt as a consequence of some (offensive) act, action)

   pārņemt kauns ― to take, accept the shame

   raudāt aiz kauna ― to cry of shame

   nosarkt aiz kauna ― to blush from shame

   izjust dziļu kaunu ― to feel deep shame

   pārdzīvot lielu kaunu ― to experience great shame

   aiz kauna nezināt ko darīt ― to not know what to do from shame

   seja deg kaunā ― (his) face is burning in shame

   nu pašam man par sevi kauns ― I feel ashamed of myself

2. shame (unpleasant feeling caused by a certain situation, or by (one's or someone else's) inappropriate action, behavior)

   kauns rādīt asaras ― ashamed (lit. shame) to shed tears

   kauns lūgt palīdzību ― ashamed (lit. shame) to ask for help

   kauns par netīro apģērbu ― ashamed (lit. shame) of (one's) dirty clothes

   kā tev nav kauna? ― aren't you ashamed (lit. how have you no shame)?

   vai tev nemaz nav kauna, Ines? ― have you no shame at all, Ines?

   kauns rādīties (kādam) acīs ― ashamed (lit. shame) to show oneself in front of (lit. in the eyes of) someone

   es saprotu, tev kauns, ka man ir bērns no cita; tev ir bail, ka cilvēki varbūt smiesies ― I understand, you are ashamed (lit. have shame) that I have a child from another (man); you are afraid that people will maybe laugh

3. shame, disgrace, dishonor (condition in which one feels or causes shame)

   piedzīvot kaunu ― to experience shame

   uzskatīt kaunu ― to consider (something) a shame

   izdzīt ar kaunu ― to cast (someone) out in shame'

   kauna pilna rīcība ― shameful (lit. shame-filled) behavior

   (pa)darīt kaunu (kādam) ― to cause (someone) shame

   kauna stabs ― pillory (lit. shame post)

   kauna zīme ― sign of shame

4. (usually genitive, used adjectivally) shameful, morally negative

   kauna darbs ― shameful work, mean act

   kauna lieta ― shameful matter, disgrace

   kauna traips ― blemish (lit. shameful spot)

5. (used as an interjection) what a shame!

   kauns, staltais daugavieti! ― what a shame, (my) tall Daugavian!

6. shame, shyness, timidity

   atmest kaunu ― to throw away, to abandon shame

   par to, ko aiz neziņas kādreiz vai kauna projām dzinām, par to, ko aiz pierastības neatzinām ― about that which we sometimes drive away because of ignorance or shame, about that which we because of habit do not acknowledge

• (of "shyness"): kautrīgums, kautrība

• bezkaunīgs, bezkaunīgums, bezkaunība
• bezkauņa
• nekaunīgs, nekaunīgums, nekaunība
• nekauņa
• kaunīgs, kaunīgums

• kaunēties