kurnia
Finnish
Conjugation
| Inflection of kurnia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kurnin | en kurni | 1st sing. | olen kurninut | en ole kurninut | |
| 2nd sing. | kurnit | et kurni | 2nd sing. | olet kurninut | et ole kurninut | |
| 3rd sing. | kurnii | ei kurni | 3rd sing. | on kurninut | ei ole kurninut | |
| 1st plur. | kurnimme | emme kurni | 1st plur. | olemme kurnineet | emme ole kurnineet | |
| 2nd plur. | kurnitte | ette kurni | 2nd plur. | olette kurnineet | ette ole kurnineet | |
| 3rd plur. | kurnivat | eivät kurni | 3rd plur. | ovat kurnineet | eivät ole kurnineet | |
| passive | kurnitaan | ei kurnita | passive | on kurnittu | ei ole kurnittu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kurnin | en kurninut | 1st sing. | olin kurninut | en ollut kurninut | |
| 2nd sing. | kurnit | et kurninut | 2nd sing. | olit kurninut | et ollut kurninut | |
| 3rd sing. | kurni | ei kurninut | 3rd sing. | oli kurninut | ei ollut kurninut | |
| 1st plur. | kurnimme | emme kurnineet | 1st plur. | olimme kurnineet | emme olleet kurnineet | |
| 2nd plur. | kurnitte | ette kurnineet | 2nd plur. | olitte kurnineet | ette olleet kurnineet | |
| 3rd plur. | kurnivat | eivät kurnineet | 3rd plur. | olivat kurnineet | eivät olleet kurnineet | |
| passive | kurnittiin | ei kurnittu | passive | oli kurnittu | ei ollut kurnittu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kurnisin | en kurnisi | 1st sing. | olisin kurninut | en olisi kurninut | |
| 2nd sing. | kurnisit | et kurnisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kurninut | et olisi kurninut | |
| 3rd sing. | kurnisi | ei kurnisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kurninut | ei olisi kurninut | |
| 1st plur. | kurnisimme | emme kurnisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kurnineet | emme olisi kurnineet | |
| 2nd plur. | kurnisitte | ette kurnisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kurnineet | ette olisi kurnineet | |
| 3rd plur. | kurnisivat | eivät kurnisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kurnineet | eivät olisi kurnineet | |
| passive | kurnittaisiin | ei kurnittaisi | passive | olisi kurnittu | ei olisi kurnittu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | kurni | älä kurni | 2nd sing. | ole kurninut | älä ole kurninut | |
| 3rd sing. | kurnikoon | älköön kurniko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kurninut | älköön olko kurninut | |
| 1st plur. | kurnikaamme | älkäämme kurniko | 1st plur. | olkaamme kurnineet | älkäämme olko kurnineet | |
| 2nd plur. | kurnikaa | älkää kurniko | 2nd plur. | olkaa kurnineet | älkää olko kurnineet | |
| 3rd plur. | kurnikoot | älkööt kurniko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kurnineet | älkööt olko kurnineet | |
| passive | kurnittakoon | älköön kurnittako | passive | olkoon kurnittu | älköön olko kurnittu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kurninen | en kurnine | 1st sing. | lienen kurninut | en liene kurninut | |
| 2nd sing. | kurninet | et kurnine | 2nd sing. | lienet kurninut | et liene kurninut | |
| 3rd sing. | kurninee | ei kurnine | 3rd sing. | lienee kurninut | ei liene kurninut | |
| 1st plur. | kurninemme | emme kurnine | 1st plur. | lienemme kurnineet | emme liene kurnineet | |
| 2nd plur. | kurninette | ette kurnine | 2nd plur. | lienette kurnineet | ette liene kurnineet | |
| 3rd plur. | kurninevat | eivät kurnine | 3rd plur. | lienevät kurnineet | eivät liene kurnineet | |
| passive | kurnittaneen | ei kurnittane | passive | lienee kurnittu | ei liene kurnittu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | kurnia | present | kurniva | kurnittava | ||
| long 1st2 | kurniakseen | past | kurninut | kurnittu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | kurniessa | kurnittaessa | agent1, 3 | kurnima | |
| instructive | kurnien | — | negative | kurnimaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | kurnimassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | kurnimasta | — | ||||
| illative | kurnimaan | — | ||||
| adessive | kurnimalla | — | ||||
| abessive | kurnimatta | — | ||||
| instructive | kurniman | kurnittaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kurniminen | ||||
| partitive | kurnimista | |||||
| 5th2 | kurnimaisillaan | |||||
Malay
Etymology
From Sanskrit कारुण्य (kāruṇya, “compassion; kindness”).
Noun
kurnia (Jawi spelling کورنيا, plural kurnia-kurnia, informal first-person possessive kurniaku, second-person possessive kurniamu, third-person possessive kurnianya)
Derived terms
- mengurniakan (“to bestow”)
- kurniaan (“blessing”)
- pengurniaan (“awarding, investiture”)
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