munus
Latin
Alternative forms
- moenus
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *moinos.
Like mūnia (“duties”), it is derived from Proto-Indo-European *moy-nós, from *mey- (“change, swap”). As is the case with such derivatives as "municipality", and "immunity", the concept of trading goods and services in a way that conforms to a society's laws is quite pertinent to this term. From the addition of the "com-" prefix came commūnis (“common, public”), which is cognate to Old High German gimeini, Old English gemǣne, Old Dutch gimēni and Old Saxon gimēni.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈmuː.nus/, [ˈmuː.nʊs]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈmu.nus/, [ˈmuː.nus]
Noun
mūnus n (genitive mūneris); third declension
- a service, office, employment
- a burden, duty, obligation
- a service, favor
- a spectacle, public show
- a gift
Inflection
Third declension neuter.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | mūnus | mūnera |
| Genitive | mūneris | mūnerum |
| Dative | mūnerī | mūneribus |
| Accusative | mūnus | mūnera |
| Ablative | mūnere | mūneribus |
| Vocative | mūnus | mūnera |
Derived terms
- commūnis
- immūnis
- mūnerābundus
- mūnerālis
- mūnerārius
- mūnerātiō
- mūnerātor
- mūnerigerulus
- mūnerō
- mūnia
- mūniceps
- mūnificēns
- mūnificus
- mūnicipium
- mūnis
- mūnusculum
- remūneror
Descendants
- Italian: muno
- Portuguese: múnus
References
- munus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- munus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- munus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- munus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to give a gladiatorial show: munus gladiatorium edere, dare (or simply munus edere, dare)
- to live a perfect life: virtutis perfectae perfecto munere fungi (Tusc. 1. 45. 109)
- banished from public life: rei publicae muneribus orbatus
- to perform official duties: munus administrare, gerere
- to perform official duties: munere fungi, muneri praeesse
- to appoint some one to an office: muneri aliquem praeficere, praeponere
- to fulfil the duties of one's position: munus explere, sustinere
- to remove a person from his office: abrogare alicui munus (Verr. 2. 57)
- a man who has held many offices: honoribus ac reipublicae muneribus perfunctus (De Or. 1. 45)
- to give a gladiatorial show: munus gladiatorium edere, dare (or simply munus edere, dare)
- munus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- munus in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
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