néízǫ́ǫ́s
Navajo
Etymology
ná- (“around”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -Ø- (3rd person subject prefix) + -Ø- (classifier) + -zǫ́ǫ́s (imperfective stem of root -ZǪ́Ǫ́Z, “to pull, to tear”).
Stem initial z- becomes d- under d-effect.
Conjugation
Paradigm: Reversative (Ø/si).
| IMPERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | násǫ́ǫ́s | néiidǫ́ǫ́s | ńdeiidǫ́ǫ́s |
| 2nd person | nánízǫ́ǫ́s | náhsǫ́ǫ́s | ńdaahsǫ́ǫ́s |
| 3rd person | néízǫ́ǫ́s | ńdeizǫ́ǫ́s | |
| 4th person | ńjízǫ́ǫ́s | ńdajizǫ́ǫ́s | |
| PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | nísézǫ́ǫ́z | nísiidǫ́ǫ́z | ńdasiidǫ́ǫ́z |
| 2nd person | nísínízǫ́ǫ́z | nísoozǫ́ǫ́z | ńdasoozǫ́ǫ́z |
| 3rd person | néízǫ́ǫ́z | ńdeizǫ́ǫ́z | |
| 4th person | ńjízǫ́ǫ́z | ńdajizǫ́ǫ́z | |
| FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | ńdeesǫ́ǫ́s | ńdiidǫ́ǫ́s | ńdadiidǫ́ǫ́s |
| 2nd person | ńdíízǫ́ǫ́s | ńdoohsǫ́ǫ́s | ńdadoohsǫ́ǫ́s |
| 3rd person | néidoozǫ́ǫ́s | ńdeidoozǫ́ǫ́s | |
| 4th person | nízhdoozǫ́ǫ́s | ńdazhdoozǫ́ǫ́s | |
Verbal stems
- ITERATIVE: -d + zǫ́ǫ́s = dǫ́ǫ́s
- OPTATIVE: -zǫ́ǫ́s
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