perficio

Latin

Etymology

From per- (“through, along; during”) +‎ faciō (“do, make”).

Pronunciation
  • (Classical) IPA(key): /perˈfi.ki.oː/, [pɛrˈfɪ.ki.oː]

Verb

perficiō (present infinitive perficere, perfect active perfēcī, supine perfectum); third conjugation iō-variant

  1. I finish, complete.
    • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita libri 26.1:
      Prorogatum et M. Marcello, ut pro consule in Sicilia reliqua belli perficeret eo exercitu quem haberet: […]
      And the military command of Marcus Marcellus was also extended, so that he could finish the rest of the war in Sicily as proconsul with his army which he held […]
  2. I perfect.
  3. I carry out, execute, perform.
  4. I achieve, accomplish
  5. (by extension) I bring about, cause, effect.

Inflection
   Conjugation of perficio (third conjugation iō-variant)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present perficiō perficis perficit perficimus perficitis perficiunt
imperfect perficiēbam perficiēbās perficiēbat perficiēbāmus perficiēbātis perficiēbant
future perficiam perficiēs perficiet perficiēmus perficiētis perficient
perfect perfēcī perfēcistī perfēcit perfēcimus perfēcistis perfēcērunt, perfēcēre
pluperfect perfēceram perfēcerās perfēcerat perfēcerāmus perfēcerātis perfēcerant
future perfect perfēcerō perfēceris perfēcerit perfēcerimus perfēceritis perfēcerint
passive present perficior perficeris, perficere perficitur perficimur perficiminī perficiuntur
imperfect perficiēbar perficiēbāris, perficiēbāre perficiēbātur perficiēbāmur perficiēbāminī perficiēbantur
future perficiar perficiēris, perficiēre perficiētur perficiēmur perficiēminī perficientur
perfect perfectus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect perfectus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect perfectus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present perficiam perficiās perficiat perficiāmus perficiātis perficiant
imperfect perficerem perficerēs perficeret perficerēmus perficerētis perficerent
perfect perfēcerim perfēcerīs perfēcerit perfēcerimus perfēceritis perfēcerint
pluperfect perfēcissem perfēcissēs perfēcisset perfēcissēmus perfēcissētis perfēcissent
passive present perficiar perficiāris, perficiāre perficiātur perficiāmur perficiāminī perficiantur
imperfect perficerer perficerēris, perficerēre perficerētur perficerēmur perficerēminī perficerentur
perfect perfectus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect perfectus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — perfice — — perficite —
future — perficitō perficitō — perficitōte perficiuntō
passive present — perficere — — perficiminī —
future — perficitor perficitor — — perficiuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives perficere perfēcisse perfectūrus esse perficī perfectus esse perfectum īrī
participles perficiēns — perfectūrus — perfectus perficiendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
nominative genitive dative/ablative accusative accusative ablative
perficere perficiendī perficiendō perficiendum perfectum perfectū

Derived terms

Descendants

References
  • perficio in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • perficio in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • perficio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to bring to the highest perfection: perficere et absolvere
    • to terminate a war (by force of arms and defeat of one's opponents): bellum conficere, perficere
  • perficio in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
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