phuca
See also: phúca
Zulu
Inflection
Tone L | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukuphuca | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukuphuca | ukungaphuci | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | phuca | -phuce | |||||||
Plural | phucani | -phuceni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyaphuca, ngiphuca | engiphucayo, engiphuca | ngiphuca | angiphuci | engingaphuci | ngingaphuci | |||
2nd singular | uyaphuca, uphuca | ophucayo, ophuca | uphuca | awuphuci | ongaphuci | ungaphuci | |||
1st plural | siyaphuca, siphuca | esiphucayo, esiphuca | siphuca | asiphuci | esingaphuci | singaphuci | |||
2nd plural | niyaphuca, niphuca | eniphucayo, eniphuca | niphuca | aniphuci | eningaphuci | ningaphuci | |||
Class 1 | uyaphuca, uphuca | ophucayo, ophuca | ephuca | akaphuci | ongaphuci | engaphuci | |||
Class 2 | bayaphuca, baphuca | abaphucayo, abaphuca | bephuca | abaphuci | abangaphuci | bengaphuci | |||
Class 3 | uyaphuca, uphuca | ophucayo, ophuca | uphuca | awuphuci | ongaphuci | ungaphuci | |||
Class 4 | iyaphuca, iphuca | ephucayo, ephuca | iphuca | ayiphuci | engaphuci | ingaphuci | |||
Class 5 | liyaphuca, liphuca | eliphucayo, eliphuca | liphuca | aliphuci | elingaphuci | lingaphuci | |||
Class 6 | ayaphuca, aphuca | aphucayo, aphuca | ephuca | awaphuci | angaphuci | engaphuci | |||
Class 7 | siyaphuca, siphuca | esiphucayo, esiphuca | siphuca | asiphuci | esingaphuci | singaphuci | |||
Class 8 | ziyaphuca, ziphuca | eziphucayo, eziphuca | ziphuca | aziphuci | ezingaphuci | zingaphuci | |||
Class 9 | iyaphuca, iphuca | ephucayo, ephuca | iphuca | ayiphuci | engaphuci | ingaphuci | |||
Class 10 | ziyaphuca, ziphuca | eziphucayo, eziphuca | ziphuca | aziphuci | ezingaphuci | zingaphuci | |||
Class 11 | luyaphuca, luphuca | oluphucayo, oluphuca | luphuca | aluphuci | olungaphuci | lungaphuci | |||
Class 14 | buyaphuca, buphuca | obuphucayo, obuphuca | buphuca | abuphuci | obungaphuci | bungaphuci | |||
Class 15 | kuyaphuca, kuphuca | okuphucayo, okuphuca | kuphuca | akuphuci | okungaphuci | kungaphuci | |||
Class 17 | kuyaphuca, kuphuca | okuphucayo, okuphuca | kuphuca | akuphuci | okungaphuci | kungaphuci | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiphucile, ngiphucē | engiphucile, engiphucē | ngiphucile, ngiphucē | angiphucanga | engingaphucanga | ngingaphucanga | |||
2nd singular | uphucile, uphucē | ophucile, ophucē | uphucile, uphucē | awuphucanga | ongaphucanga | ungaphucanga | |||
1st plural | siphucile, siphucē | esiphucile, esiphucē | siphucile, siphucē | asiphucanga | esingaphucanga | singaphucanga | |||
2nd plural | niphucile, niphucē | eniphucile, eniphucē | niphucile, niphucē | aniphucanga | eningaphucanga | ningaphucanga | |||
Class 1 | uphucile, uphucē | ophucile, ophucē | ephucile, ephucē | akaphucanga | ongaphucanga | engaphucanga | |||
Class 2 | baphucile, baphucē | abaphucile, abaphucē | bephucile, bephucē | abaphucanga | abangaphucanga | bengaphucanga | |||
Class 3 | uphucile, uphucē | ophucile, ophucē | uphucile, uphucē | awuphucanga | ongaphucanga | ungaphucanga | |||
Class 4 | iphucile, iphucē | ephucile, ephucē | iphucile, iphucē | ayiphucanga | engaphucanga | ingaphucanga | |||
Class 5 | liphucile, liphucē | eliphucile, eliphucē | liphucile, liphucē | aliphucanga | elingaphucanga | lingaphucanga | |||
Class 6 | aphucile, aphucē | aphucile, aphucē | ephucile, ephucē | awaphucanga | angaphucanga | engaphucanga | |||
Class 7 | siphucile, siphucē | esiphucile, esiphucē | siphucile, siphucē | asiphucanga | esingaphucanga | singaphucanga | |||
Class 8 | ziphucile, ziphucē | eziphucile, eziphucē | ziphucile, ziphucē | aziphucanga | ezingaphucanga | zingaphucanga | |||
Class 9 | iphucile, iphucē | ephucile, ephucē | iphucile, iphucē | ayiphucanga | engaphucanga | ingaphucanga | |||
Class 10 | ziphucile, ziphucē | eziphucile, eziphucē | ziphucile, ziphucē | aziphucanga | ezingaphucanga | zingaphucanga | |||
Class 11 | luphucile, luphucē | oluphucile, oluphucē | luphucile, luphucē | aluphucanga | olungaphucanga | lungaphucanga | |||
Class 14 | buphucile, buphucē | obuphucile, obuphucē | buphucile, buphucē | abuphucanga | obungaphucanga | bungaphucanga | |||
Class 15 | kuphucile, kuphucē | okuphucile, okuphucē | kuphucile, kuphucē | akuphucanga | okungaphucanga | kungaphucanga | |||
Class 17 | kuphucile, kuphucē | okuphucile, okuphucē | kuphucile, kuphucē | akuphucanga | okungaphucanga | kungaphucanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāphuca | engāphuca | ngāphuca | angiphucanga | engingaphucanga | ngingaphucanga | |||
2nd singular | wāphuca | owāphuca | wāphuca | awuphucanga | ongaphucanga | ungaphucanga | |||
1st plural | sāphuca | esāphuca | sāphuca | asiphucanga | esingaphucanga | singaphucanga | |||
2nd plural | nāphuca | enāphuca | nāphuca | aniphucanga | eningaphucanga | ningaphucanga | |||
Class 1 | wāphuca | owāphuca | āphuca | akaphucanga | ongaphucanga | engaphucanga | |||
Class 2 | bāphuca | abāphuca | bāphuca | abaphucanga | abangaphucanga | bengaphucanga | |||
Class 3 | wāphuca | owāphuca | wāphuca | awuphucanga | ongaphucanga | ungaphucanga | |||
Class 4 | yāphuca | eyāphuca | yāphuca | ayiphucanga | engaphucanga | ingaphucanga | |||
Class 5 | lāphuca | elāphuca | lāphuca | aliphucanga | elingaphucanga | lingaphucanga | |||
Class 6 | āphuca | āphuca | āphuca | awaphucanga | angaphucanga | engaphucanga | |||
Class 7 | sāphuca | esāphuca | sāphuca | asiphucanga | esingaphucanga | singaphucanga | |||
Class 8 | zāphuca | ezāphuca | zāphuca | aziphucanga | ezingaphucanga | zingaphucanga | |||
Class 9 | yāphuca | eyāphuca | yāphuca | ayiphucanga | engaphucanga | ingaphucanga | |||
Class 10 | zāphuca | ezāphuca | zāphuca | aziphucanga | ezingaphucanga | zingaphucanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāphuca | olwāphuca | lwāphuca | aluphucanga | olungaphucanga | lungaphucanga | |||
Class 14 | bāphuca | obāphuca | bāphuca | abuphucanga | obungaphucanga | bungaphucanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāphuca | okwāphuca | kwāphuca | akuphucanga | okungaphucanga | kungaphucanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāphuca | okwāphuca | kwāphuca | akuphucanga | okungaphucanga | kungaphucanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingaphuca | — | ngingaphuca | ngingephuce | — | ngingephuce | |||
2nd singular | ungaphuca | — | ungaphuca | ungephuce | — | ungephuce | |||
1st plural | singaphuca | — | singaphuca | singephuce | — | singephuce | |||
2nd plural | ningaphuca | — | ningaphuca | ningephuce | — | ningephuce | |||
Class 1 | angaphuca | — | engaphuca | angephuce | — | engephuce | |||
Class 2 | bangaphuca | — | bengaphuca | bangephuce | — | bengephuce | |||
Class 3 | ungaphuca | — | ungaphuca | ungephuce | — | ungephuce | |||
Class 4 | ingaphuca | — | ingaphuca | ingephuce | — | ingephuce | |||
Class 5 | lingaphuca | — | lingaphuca | lingephuce | — | lingephuce | |||
Class 6 | angaphuca | — | engaphuca | angephuce | — | engephuce | |||
Class 7 | singaphuca | — | singaphuca | singephuce | — | singephuce | |||
Class 8 | zingaphuca | — | zingaphuca | zingephuce | — | zingephuce | |||
Class 9 | ingaphuca | — | ingaphuca | ingephuce | — | ingephuce | |||
Class 10 | zingaphuca | — | zingaphuca | zingephuce | — | zingephuce | |||
Class 11 | lungaphuca | — | lungaphuca | lungephuce | — | lungephuce | |||
Class 14 | bungaphuca | — | bungaphuca | bungephuce | — | bungephuce | |||
Class 15 | kungaphuca | — | kungaphuca | kungephuce | — | kungephuce | |||
Class 17 | kungaphuca | — | kungaphuca | kungephuce | — | kungephuce | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizophuca | engizophuca | ngizophuca | angizuphuca | engingezuphuca | ngingezuphuca | |||
2nd singular | uzophuca | ozophuca | uzophuca | awuzuphuca | ongezuphuca | ungezuphuca | |||
1st plural | sizophuca | esizophuca | sizophuca | asizuphuca | esingezuphuca | singezuphuca | |||
2nd plural | nizophuca | enizophuca | nizophuca | anizuphuca | eningezuphuca | ningezuphuca | |||
Class 1 | uzophuca | ozophuca | ezophuca | akazuphuca | ongezuphuca | engezuphuca | |||
Class 2 | bazophuca | abazophuca | bezophuca | abazuphuca | abangezuphuca | bengezuphuca | |||
Class 3 | uzophuca | ozophuca | uzophuca | awuzuphuca | ongezuphuca | ungezuphuca | |||
Class 4 | izophuca | ezophuca | izophuca | ayizuphuca | engezuphuca | ingezuphuca | |||
Class 5 | lizophuca | elizophuca | lizophuca | alizuphuca | elingezuphuca | lingezuphuca | |||
Class 6 | azophuca | azophuca | ezophuca | awazuphuca | angezuphuca | engezuphuca | |||
Class 7 | sizophuca | esizophuca | sizophuca | asizuphuca | esingezuphuca | singezuphuca | |||
Class 8 | zizophuca | ezizophuca | zizophuca | azizuphuca | ezingezuphuca | zingezuphuca | |||
Class 9 | izophuca | ezophuca | izophuca | ayizuphuca | engezuphuca | ingezuphuca | |||
Class 10 | zizophuca | ezizophuca | zizophuca | azizuphuca | ezingezuphuca | zingezuphuca | |||
Class 11 | luzophuca | oluzophuca | luzophuca | aluzuphuca | olungezuphuca | lungezuphuca | |||
Class 14 | buzophuca | obuzophuca | buzophuca | abuzuphuca | obungezuphuca | bungezuphuca | |||
Class 15 | kuzophuca | okuzophuca | kuzophuca | akuzuphuca | okungezuphuca | kungezuphuca | |||
Class 17 | kuzophuca | okuzophuca | kuzophuca | akuzuphuca | okungezuphuca | kungezuphuca | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyophuca | engiyophuca | ngiyophuca | angiyuphuca | engingeyuphuca | ngingeyuphuca | |||
2nd singular | uyophuca | oyophuca | uyophuca | awuyuphuca | ongeyuphuca | ungeyuphuca | |||
1st plural | siyophuca | esiyophuca | siyophuca | asiyuphuca | esingeyuphuca | singeyuphuca | |||
2nd plural | niyophuca | eniyophuca | niyophuca | aniyuphuca | eningeyuphuca | ningeyuphuca | |||
Class 1 | uyophuca | oyophuca | eyophuca | akayuphuca | ongeyuphuca | engeyuphuca | |||
Class 2 | bayophuca | abayophuca | beyophuca | abayuphuca | abangeyuphuca | bengeyuphuca | |||
Class 3 | uyophuca | oyophuca | uyophuca | awuyuphuca | ongeyuphuca | ungeyuphuca | |||
Class 4 | iyophuca | eyophuca | iyophuca | ayiyuphuca | engeyuphuca | ingeyuphuca | |||
Class 5 | liyophuca | eliyophuca | liyophuca | aliyuphuca | elingeyuphuca | lingeyuphuca | |||
Class 6 | ayophuca | ayophuca | eyophuca | awayuphuca | angeyuphuca | engeyuphuca | |||
Class 7 | siyophuca | esiyophuca | siyophuca | asiyuphuca | esingeyuphuca | singeyuphuca | |||
Class 8 | ziyophuca | eziyophuca | ziyophuca | aziyuphuca | ezingeyuphuca | zingeyuphuca | |||
Class 9 | iyophuca | eyophuca | iyophuca | ayiyuphuca | engeyuphuca | ingeyuphuca | |||
Class 10 | ziyophuca | eziyophuca | ziyophuca | aziyuphuca | ezingeyuphuca | zingeyuphuca | |||
Class 11 | luyophuca | oluyophuca | luyophuca | aluyuphuca | olungeyuphuca | lungeyuphuca | |||
Class 14 | buyophuca | obuyophuca | buyophuca | abuyuphuca | obungeyuphuca | bungeyuphuca | |||
Class 15 | kuyophuca | okuyophuca | kuyophuca | akuyuphuca | okungeyuphuca | kungeyuphuca | |||
Class 17 | kuyophuca | okuyophuca | kuyophuca | akuyuphuca | okungeyuphuca | kungeyuphuca | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngiphuce | ngingaphuci | |||||||
2nd singular | uphuce | ungaphuci | |||||||
1st plural | siphuce | singaphuci | |||||||
2nd plural | niphuce | ningaphuci | |||||||
Class 1 | aphuce | angaphuci | |||||||
Class 2 | baphuce | bangaphuci | |||||||
Class 3 | uphuce | ungaphuci | |||||||
Class 4 | iphuce | ingaphuci | |||||||
Class 5 | liphuce | lingaphuci | |||||||
Class 6 | aphuce | angaphuci | |||||||
Class 7 | siphuce | singaphuci | |||||||
Class 8 | ziphuce | zingaphuci | |||||||
Class 9 | iphuce | ingaphuci | |||||||
Class 10 | ziphuce | zingaphuci | |||||||
Class 11 | luphuce | lungaphuci | |||||||
Class 14 | buphuce | bungaphuci | |||||||
Class 15 | kuphuce | kungaphuci | |||||||
Class 17 | kuphuce | kungaphuci | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngaphuca | ngangaphuca, angaphuca, angangaphuca | |||||||
2nd singular | waphuca | wangaphuca, awaphuca, awangaphuca | |||||||
1st plural | saphuca | sangaphuca, asaphuca, asangaphuca | |||||||
2nd plural | naphuca | nangaphuca, anaphuca, anangaphuca | |||||||
Class 1 | waphuca | wangaphuca, akaphuca, akangaphuca | |||||||
Class 2 | baphuca | bangaphuca, abaphuca, abangaphuca | |||||||
Class 3 | waphuca | wangaphuca, awaphuca, awangaphuca | |||||||
Class 4 | yaphuca | yangaphuca, ayaphuca, ayangaphuca | |||||||
Class 5 | laphuca | langaphuca, alaphuca, alangaphuca | |||||||
Class 6 | aphuca | angaphuca, awaphuca, awangaphuca | |||||||
Class 7 | saphuca | sangaphuca, asaphuca, asangaphuca | |||||||
Class 8 | zaphuca | zangaphuca, azaphuca, azangaphuca | |||||||
Class 9 | yaphuca | yangaphuca, ayaphuca, ayangaphuca | |||||||
Class 10 | zaphuca | zangaphuca, azaphuca, azangaphuca | |||||||
Class 11 | lwaphuca | lwangaphuca, alwaphuca, alwangaphuca | |||||||
Class 14 | baphuca | bangaphuca, abaphuca, abangaphuca | |||||||
Class 15 | kwaphuca | kwangaphuca, akwaphuca, akwangaphuca | |||||||
Class 17 | kwaphuca | kwangaphuca, akwaphuca, akwangaphuca |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “phuca”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phuca (6.3)”
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