rocluinethar
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *ɸro- + *klinuti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱl̥néwti (compare Sanskrit शृणोति (śṛṇoti, “hears”)) from *ḱlew- (“to hear”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /roˈklunʲeθar/
Verb
ro·cluinethar (prototonic ·cluinethar, verbal noun clúas)
- to hear
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12c22
- Ro·cluinethar cách in fogur et níɔ·fitir cid as·beir.
- Everyone hears the sound and doesn't know what he says.
- c. 875, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 112b13
- Is demniu liunn a n-ad·chiam húa súlib ol·daas an ro·chluinemmar húa chlúasaib.
- What we see with (lit. from) the eyes is more certain to us than what we hear with (lit. from) the ears.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12c22
Inflection
Complex, class B II present, reduplicated preterite, reduplicated future, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | ro·cluiniur | ro·cluinethar | ro·cluinemmar | ro·cluinetar | ro·cluinter | |||
| Prot. | ·cluiniur | ·cluinethar | ·cluinemmar | ·cluinetar | ·cluinter | ||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ro·cluined | |||||||
| Prot. | ·cluined | ||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | co·cúalae | co·closs | ||||||
| Prot. | ·cúala | ·cúala | ·cúalae | ·cúalammar | ·cúalaid | ·cúalatar | ·clos, ·closs | ·cloth, ·clossa | |
| Perfect | Deut. | ro·cúala | ro·cúala | ro·cúalae | ro·cúalammar | ro·cúalaid | ro·cúalatar | ro·closs | ro·clossa |
| Prot. | ·cúala | ·cúala | ·cúalae | ·cúalammar | ·cúalaid | ·cúalatar | ·clos, ·closs | ·clossa | |
| Future | Deut. | ro·cechladar | ro·cechlastar | ||||||
| Prot. | ·cechladar | ·cechlastar | ·cechlaiter | ||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ro·cechlastai | |||||||
| Prot. | ·cechlainn | ·cechlastai | |||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | ro·cloor, ro·clór | ro·cloither | ro·cloathar | ro·cloammar | ro·cloatar | ·cloatar | ||
| Prot. | ·cloor, ·clór | cloither | ·cloathar | cloammar | |||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | ro·cload | ro·cloithe | ro·cloitis | |||||
| Prot. | ·cload | ·cloimmis | ·cloithe | ·cloitis | |||||
| Imperative | cluinte | cluinem | |||||||
| Verbal noun | clúas | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| ro·cluinethar | ro·chluinethar | ro·cluinethar pronounced with /-ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “rocluinethar”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN
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