sammua
Finnish
(index sa)
Etymology
From an Indo-Aryan language. Compare Sanskrit शम्यति (śamyati), शाम्यति (śāmyati) ("to be extinguished, die out, abate, cease, stop, go to rest, be calm or quiet").[1]
Verb
sammua (intransitive)
- (of light) to go out, off.
- (of fire) to go out, die (down), flame out
- (of thirst) to be quenched
- (of feelings, emotions) to die, fade/melt away, diminish
- (colloquial) to crash, conk out (to fall asleep)
- (colloquial) to pass out (due to heavy consumption of alcohol)
- (of a language) to die, to go extinct
Conjugation
| Inflection of sammua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | sammun | en sammu | 1st sing. | olen sammunut | en ole sammunut | |
| 2nd sing. | sammut | et sammu | 2nd sing. | olet sammunut | et ole sammunut | |
| 3rd sing. | sammuu | ei sammu | 3rd sing. | on sammunut | ei ole sammunut | |
| 1st plur. | sammumme | emme sammu | 1st plur. | olemme sammuneet | emme ole sammuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | sammutte | ette sammu | 2nd plur. | olette sammuneet | ette ole sammuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | sammuvat | eivät sammu | 3rd plur. | ovat sammuneet | eivät ole sammuneet | |
| passive | sammutaan | ei sammuta | passive | on sammuttu | ei ole sammuttu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | sammuin | en sammunut | 1st sing. | olin sammunut | en ollut sammunut | |
| 2nd sing. | sammuit | et sammunut | 2nd sing. | olit sammunut | et ollut sammunut | |
| 3rd sing. | sammui | ei sammunut | 3rd sing. | oli sammunut | ei ollut sammunut | |
| 1st plur. | sammuimme | emme sammuneet | 1st plur. | olimme sammuneet | emme olleet sammuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | sammuitte | ette sammuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte sammuneet | ette olleet sammuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | sammuivat | eivät sammuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat sammuneet | eivät olleet sammuneet | |
| passive | sammuttiin | ei sammuttu | passive | oli sammuttu | ei ollut sammuttu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | sammuisin | en sammuisi | 1st sing. | olisin sammunut | en olisi sammunut | |
| 2nd sing. | sammuisit | et sammuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit sammunut | et olisi sammunut | |
| 3rd sing. | sammuisi | ei sammuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi sammunut | ei olisi sammunut | |
| 1st plur. | sammuisimme | emme sammuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme sammuneet | emme olisi sammuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | sammuisitte | ette sammuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte sammuneet | ette olisi sammuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | sammuisivat | eivät sammuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat sammuneet | eivät olisi sammuneet | |
| passive | sammuttaisiin | ei sammuttaisi | passive | olisi sammuttu | ei olisi sammuttu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | sammu | älä sammu | 2nd sing. | ole sammunut | älä ole sammunut | |
| 3rd sing. | sammukoon | älköön sammuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon sammunut | älköön olko sammunut | |
| 1st plur. | sammukaamme | älkäämme sammuko | 1st plur. | olkaamme sammuneet | älkäämme olko sammuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | sammukaa | älkää sammuko | 2nd plur. | olkaa sammuneet | älkää olko sammuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | sammukoot | älkööt sammuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot sammuneet | älkööt olko sammuneet | |
| passive | sammuttakoon | älköön sammuttako | passive | olkoon sammuttu | älköön olko sammuttu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | sammunen | en sammune | 1st sing. | lienen sammunut | en liene sammunut | |
| 2nd sing. | sammunet | et sammune | 2nd sing. | lienet sammunut | et liene sammunut | |
| 3rd sing. | sammunee | ei sammune | 3rd sing. | lienee sammunut | ei liene sammunut | |
| 1st plur. | sammunemme | emme sammune | 1st plur. | lienemme sammuneet | emme liene sammuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | sammunette | ette sammune | 2nd plur. | lienette sammuneet | ette liene sammuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | sammunevat | eivät sammune | 3rd plur. | lienevät sammuneet | eivät liene sammuneet | |
| passive | sammuttaneen | ei sammuttane | passive | lienee sammuttu | ei liene sammuttu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | sammua | present | sammuva | sammuttava | ||
| long 1st2 | sammuakseen | past | sammunut | sammuttu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | sammuessa | sammuttaessa | agent1, 3 | sammuma | |
| instructive | sammuen | — | negative | sammumaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | sammumassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | sammumasta | — | ||||
| illative | sammumaan | — | ||||
| adessive | sammumalla | — | ||||
| abessive | sammumatta | — | ||||
| instructive | sammuman | sammuttaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | sammuminen | ||||
| partitive | sammumista | |||||
| 5th2 | sammumaisillaan | |||||
Derived terms
- adjectives: sammumaton, sammunut
- verbs: sammuttaa (transitive)
Anagrams
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