sophus

See also: Sophus and sophos

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σοφός (sophós, adjective). Compare to Latin sapiēns (adjective).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA(key): /ˈso.pʰus/, [ˈsɔ.pʰʊs]

Adjective

sophus (feminine sopha, neuter sophum); first/second declension

  1. Wise, sage, shrewd.
    • c. 15 BCEc. 50 CE, Phaedrus (fabulist), Fabulae 3.14.9–11:
      Tum victor sophus: ¶ Cito rumpes arcum semper si tensum habueris; ¶ At si laxaris, cum voles erit utilis.
    • Ælfric Bata, edited by Scott Gwara and translated into English by David W. Porter, Anglo-Saxon Conversations: The colloquies of Ælfric Bata, 1997, page 184f.:
      Consultius est uobis esse sophos quam stolidos et ebetes [= hebetes] uel inertes et ignaros.
      It is better for you to be wise than foolish, dull, lazy or ignorant.

Declension

First/second declension.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative sophus sopha sophum sophī sophae sopha
Genitive sophī sophae sophī sophōrum sophārum sophōrum
Dative sophō sophō sophīs
Accusative sophum sopham sophum sophōs sophās sopha
Ablative sophō sophā sophō sophīs
Vocative sophe sopha sophum sophī sophae sopha

Note: The feminine and the neuter forms are unattested.

Noun

sophus m (genitive sophī); second declension

  1. A wise man, a sage.

Alternative forms

Declension

Second declension.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sophus sophī
Genitive sophī sophōrum
Dative sophō sophīs
Accusative sophum sophōs
Ablative sophō sophīs
Vocative sophe sophī

Note:
Several inflected forms could belong to both sophos and sophus, as for example the genitive plural sophōrum in this medieval text:

  • Monumenta Germaniae historicae. Poetarum latinorum medii aevi tomus I. – Poetae latini aevi Carolini. Tomus I edited by Ernestus Duemmler, Berlin, 1881, page 294 containing Alcuinus (or Albinus), carmina, LXXII:
    [...] simul argumenta sophorum, [...]

A form which only belongs to sophus and not to sophos occurs in these medieval mentionings:

  • Classicorum auctorum e vaticanis codibus editorum tomus VIII: Thesaurus novus latinatis, sive lexicon vetus e membranis nunc primum erutum, edited by A. M. (= Angelus Maius), Roma, 1836, page 544 (first and second declension adjective are commonly mentioned as ...us, a, um in it) – this work is elsewhere attributed to Osbern of Gloucester, in German to Osbern von Gloucester with the title "Panormia oder Derivationes":
    [...] inde hic sophus † sapiens [...]
  • Uguccione da Pisa – Derivationes – Edizione critica princeps a cura di Enzo Cecchini, 2004 containing the Derivationes by Hugutio Pisanus or Huguccio Pisanus (Italian Uguccione da Pisa, English Huguccio of Pisa, Hugutio of Pisa or Hugh of Pisa):
    SOPHOS grece, latine dicitur sapiens vel cautus, sapienter dictus, et versa -os in -us dicitur hic sophus -phi, idest sapiens;

References

  • sŏphus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • sophus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • sophus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • sophus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • "sophos", in James Bailey, ed., The universal Latin lexicon of Facciolauts and Forcellinus, new ed., London : Baldwin and Cradock, 1828, v. 2, p. 585. →OCLC.
  • "sŏphŏs or sŏphŭs", in Frederick Percival Leverett, ed., A new and copious lexicon of the Latin language, new ed., Boston: Bazin & Ellsworth, 1850, v. 1, p. 836. →OCLC.
  • "Sophus", in Charles Anthon, A Latin-English and English-Latin dictionary, for the use of schools, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1852 (1853 printing), p. 830. →OCLC.
  • "Sŏphus (-ŏs)" in James R. V. Marchant, Joseph F. Charles, eds., Cassell's Latin dictionary, New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1953 printing, p. 532. →OCLC.
  • "sŏphos or sŏphus", in George R. Crooks, Alexander J. Schem, eds., A new Latin-English school lexicon : on the basis of the Latin-German lexicon of Dr. C. F. Ingerslev, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1867, p. 850. →OCLC.
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