vodka
English

Etymology
Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka), diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”). Historical documentary research of V. Pokhlyobkin suggests the derivation via the usage "dilution (of distillate) with water", as used in expressions "vodka of grain wine" and similar; хле́бное вино́ (xlébnoje vinó, “grain wine”) is an archaic Russian name for vodka.
The standard of identity is from the Code of Federal Regulations, title 27, section 5.22(a)(1).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈvɒdkə/
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈvɑdkə/
Audio (US) (file)
Noun
vodka (countable and uncountable, plural vodkas)
- A clear distilled alcoholic liquor made from grain mash
- 1932, Maurice Baring, chapter 20, in Friday's Business:
- Eurydice pointed to the cupboard, and sat down on the low divan with folded hands, and looked at the floor. She was quite white. Elsa made her drink a glass of vodka.
-
- A serving of the above beverage
- (US standards of identity) Neutral spirits distilled (or treated after distillation) so as to have no distinctive character, aroma, taste, or color
Derived terms
Translations
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Danish
Declension
common gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | vodka | vodkaen | vodkaer | vodkaerne |
genitive | vodkas | vodkaens | vodkaers | vodkaernes |
Finnish
Alternative forms
Declension
Inflection of vodka (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vodka | vodkat | |
genitive | vodkan | vodkien | |
partitive | vodkaa | vodkia | |
illative | vodkaan | vodkiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vodka | vodkat | |
accusative | nom. | vodka | vodkat |
gen. | vodkan | ||
genitive | vodkan | vodkien vodkainrare | |
partitive | vodkaa | vodkia | |
inessive | vodkassa | vodkissa | |
elative | vodkasta | vodkista | |
illative | vodkaan | vodkiin | |
adessive | vodkalla | vodkilla | |
ablative | vodkalta | vodkilta | |
allative | vodkalle | vodkille | |
essive | vodkana | vodkina | |
translative | vodkaksi | vodkiksi | |
instructive | — | vodkin | |
abessive | vodkatta | vodkitta | |
comitative | — | vodkineen |
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vɔd.ka/
Audio (file)
Further reading
- “vodka” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈvotkɒ]
- Hyphenation: vod‧ka
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vodka | vodkák |
accusative | vodkát | vodkákat |
dative | vodkának | vodkáknak |
instrumental | vodkával | vodkákkal |
causal-final | vodkáért | vodkákért |
translative | vodkává | vodkákká |
terminative | vodkáig | vodkákig |
essive-formal | vodkaként | vodkákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | vodkában | vodkákban |
superessive | vodkán | vodkákon |
adessive | vodkánál | vodkáknál |
illative | vodkába | vodkákba |
sublative | vodkára | vodkákra |
allative | vodkához | vodkákhoz |
elative | vodkából | vodkákból |
delative | vodkáról | vodkákról |
ablative | vodkától | vodkáktól |
Possessive forms of vodka | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | vodkám | vodkáim |
2nd person sing. | vodkád | vodkáid |
3rd person sing. | vodkája | vodkái |
1st person plural | vodkánk | vodkáink |
2nd person plural | vodkátok | vodkáitok |
3rd person plural | vodkájuk | vodkáik |
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈvɔt.kʰa/
Italian
Norman
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʋɔdkɑ/
- Rhymes: -ɑ
Norwegian Nynorsk
Slovak
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *vodъka, equivalent to voda (“water”) + -ka (diminutive suffix).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈvɔtka/
Noun
vodka f (genitive singular vodky, nominative plural vodky, genitive plural vodiek, declension pattern of žena)
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | vodka | vodky |
genitive | vodky | vodiek |
dative | vodke | vodkám |
accusative | vodku | vodky |
locative | vodke | vodkách |
instrumental | vodkou | vodkami |
Derived terms
- vodkový
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian во́дка (vódka, literally “little water”), a diminutive of вода́ (vodá, “water”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbodka/, [ˈboðka]
Further reading
- “vodka” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.