Examples of long-term potentiation in the following topics:
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- Two processes in particular, long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), are important forms of synaptic plasticity that occur in synapses in the hippocampus: a brain region involved in storing memories .
- Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a persistent strengthening of a synaptic connection, which can last for minutes or hours.
- Long-term depression (LTD) is essentially the reverse of LTP: it is a long-term weakening of a synaptic connection.
- The weakening and pruning of unused synapses trims unimportant connections, leaving only the salient connections strengthened by long-term potentiation.
- Calcium entry through postsynaptic NMDA receptors can initiate two different forms of synaptic plasticity: long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD).
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- Examples of functions controlled by the sympathetic nervous system include an accelerated heart rate and inhibited digestion, both of which help prepare an organism's body for the physical strain required to escape a potentially dangerous situation or to fend off a predator.
- Scientists have found evidence that it may also increase long term potentiation in neurons, allowing the animal to remember the dangerous situation and avoid it in the future.
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- Long-lived and healthy wetlands and forests are examples of sustainable biological systems.
- For humans, sustainability is the potential for long-term maintenance of well-being, which has ecological, economic, political, and cultural dimensions.
- Sustainable practices, which preserve environments for long-term maintenance and well-being, can help preserve habitats and ecosystems for greater biodiversity.
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- The action potential travels down the neuron as Na+ channels open.
- Action potentials are considered an "all-or nothing" event.
- The diffusion of K+ out of the cell hyperpolarizes the cell, making the membrane potential more negative than the cell's normal resting potential.
- At this point, the sodium channels return to their resting state, ready to open again if the membrane potential again exceeds the threshold potential.
- These unmyelinated spaces are about one micrometer long and contain voltage gated Na+ and K+ channels.
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- The adrenal glands respond to either short-term or long-term stressors by releasing different hormones that act differently on the body.
- Glycogen reserves, which provide energy in the short-term response to stress, are exhausted after several hours and cannot meet long-term energy needs.
- In this situation, the body has evolved a response to counter long-term stress through the actions of the glucocorticoids, which ensure that long-term energy requirements can be met.
- Long-term stress response differs from short-term stress response.
- In a long-term stress response, the hypothalamus triggers the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland.
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- Climate refers to long-term, predictable atmospheric conditions, while weather refers to atmospheric conditions during a short period of time.
- These misconceptions often arise because of confusion over the terms climate and weather.
- Climate refers to the long-term, predictable atmospheric conditions of a specific area .
- You would be thinking about climate when you plan the event in the summer rather than the winter because you have long-term knowledge that any given Saturday in the months of May to August would be a better choice for an outdoor event in Wisconsin than any given Saturday in January.
- Climate refers to long-term, predictable atmospheric conditions of a specific area.
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- According to these forecasters, population growth will be only sustained until the 2040s by rising longevity, but will peak below 9 billion by 2050, followed by a long decline.
- In addition to the threat of food shortages, human population growth is damaging to the environment in potentially permanent ways.
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- Some of the mother's immunoglobulins will pass through the placenta, providing passive immunity against some potential infections.
- By eight weeks, the term fetus applies; the body is essentially formed .
- During the third trimester, the fetus grows to 3 to 4 kg (6 ½ -8 ½ lbs.) and about 50 cm (19-20 inches) long.
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- A drought, an especially cold winter, and a pest outbreak all constitute short-term variability in environmental conditions.
- When laboratory tests failed to identify the disease causing the deaths, New Mexico state health officials notified the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the United States government agency responsible for managing potential epidemics.
- The legacy of this practice over long periods has resulted in forests being converted to grasslands.
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- Populations of K-selected species tend to exist close to their carrying capacity (hence the term K-selected) where intraspecific competition is high.
- These species produce few offspring, have a long gestation period, and often give long-term care to their offspring.
- In plants, scientists think of parental care more broadly: how long fruit takes to develop or how long it remains on the plant are determining factors in the time to the next reproductive event.
- Animals that are r-selected do not give long-term parental care and the offspring are relatively mature and self-sufficient at birth.
- (A) Elephants are considered K-selected species as they live long, mature late, and provide long-term parental care to few offspring.