proteomics

Examples of proteomics in the following topics:

• Genomics and Proteomics

  • The goal of proteomics is to analyze the varying proteomes of an organism at different times in order to highlight differences between them.
  • The study of the function of proteomes is called proteomics.
  • A proteome is the entire set of proteins produced by a cell type.
  • Genomics led to proteomics (via transcriptomics) as a logical step.
  • Explain how the field of genomics led to the development of proteomics

• Cancer Proteomics

  • Proteomics, the analysis of proteins, plays a prominent role in the study and treatment of cancer.
  • Genomes and proteomes of patients suffering from specific diseases are being studied to understand the genetic basis of diseases.
  • The most prominent set of diseases being studied with proteomic approaches is cancer.
  • In addition, proteomics can be used to predict the possibility of disease recurrence.
  • Explain the ways in which cancer proteomics may lead to better treatments

• Basic Techniques in Protein Analysis

  • The ultimate goal of proteomics is to identify or compare the proteins expressed in a given genome under specific conditions, study the interactions between the proteins, and use the information to predict cell behavior or develop drug targets.
  • Just as the genome is analyzed using the basic technique of DNA sequencing, proteomics requires techniques for protein analysis.
  • The challenge of techniques used for proteomic analyses is the difficulty in detecting small quantities of proteins, but advances in spectrometry have allowed researchers to analyze very small samples of protein.
  • Proteins are naturally-unstable molecules, which makes proteomic analysis much more difficult than genomic analysis.

• Cellular Differentiation

  • The process of cellular differentiation is regulated by transcription factors and growth factors, and results in expression or inhibition of various genes between the cell types, thereby resulting in varying proteomes between cell types .
  • The variation in proteomes between cell types is what drives differentiation and thus, specialization of cells.

• The Process and Purpose of Gene Expression Regulation

  • Therefore, only a small subset of proteins is expressed in a cell that constitutes its proteome.
  • Discuss how the genome and proteome contribute to the specialization of a cell

• Mechanics of Cellular Differentation

  • In other terms, each cell has the genome but will only express specific genes, thereby having unique proteomes.