Examples of craft unionism in the following topics:
-
- An example of a craft union was the American Federation of Labor before it merged with the Congress of Industrial Organization.
- In the old model of the AFL,all carpenters belong to the carpenters' union, the plasterers join the plasterers' union, and the painters belong to the painters' union.
- Each craft union has its own administration, its own policies, its own collective bargaining agreements, and its own union halls.
- In contrast, craft unionism organizes workers along lines of their specific trades (i.e., workers using the same kind of tools, or doing the same kind of work with approximately the same level of skill), even if this leads to multiple union locals with different contracts in the same workplace.
- Summarize the main points of industrial sociology and Labor Process Theory, including the development of labor unions and types of unionism
-
- But by the 1890s, the Federation had begun to organize only skilled workers in craft unions, and became an organization of mostly white men.
- In 1900, only 3.3% of working women were organized into unions.
- From the beginning, unions affiliated with the AFL found themselves in conflict when both unions claimed jurisdiction over the same groups of workers, even though neither union had made any effort to organize or bargain for those employees.
- The craft unions in this industry organized their own department within the AFL in 1908, despite the reservations of Gompers and other leaders about creation of a separate body within the AFL that might function as a federation within a federation.
- For example, the International Seamen's Union opposed passage of a law applying to workers engaged in interstate transport that railway unions supported.
-
- The National Labor Union (NLU) was the first American federation of unions formed in 1866.
- One example was the American Federation of Labor, a large umbrella group made up primarily of locals involved in craft unionism.
- The CIO was built around an industrial unionism model.
- The Pullman's union and the United Farm Workers unions are examples of unions that came together to advocate for the economic interests of African-American and latino workers.
- While private union membership has declined, public unions are still quite strong.
-
- By the 1890s, the Federation had begun to organize only skilled workers in craft unions and became an organization of mostly white men.
- Women who organized their own unions were often turned down in bids to join the Federation, and even women who did join unions found them hostile or intentionally inaccessible.
- Through the efforts of middle class reformers and activists, often of the Women's Trade Union League, these unions joined the AFL.
- From the beginning, unions affiliated with the AFL found themselves in conflict when both unions claimed jurisdiction over the same groups of workers: both the Brewers and Teamsters claimed to represent beer truck drivers, both the machinists and the International Typographical Union claimed to represent certain printroom employees, and the machinists and a fledgling union known as the "Carriage, Wagon, and Automobile Workers Union" sought to organize the same employees, even though neither union had made any effort to organize or bargain for those employees.
- The craft unions in this industry organized their own department within the AFL in 1908, despite the reservations of Gompers and other leaders about creation of a separate body within the AFL that might function as a federation within a federation.
-
- The Great Depression of the 1930s changed Americans' view of unions.
- The craft unions that controlled the AFL opposed efforts to unionize unskilled and semiskilled workers, preferring that workers remain organized by craft across industries.
- In 1938, the AFL expelled the unions that had formed the CIO.
- Union membership soared.
- Taft-Hartley also required unions to disclose their finances.
-
- Labor unions have lost power in the United States over the years and, today, union membership varies by sector.
- It was founded in Columbus, Ohio in December 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, a national labor association.
- Historically, the rapid growth of public employee unions since the 1960s has served to mask an even more dramatic decline in private-sector union membership.
- Although most industrialized countries have seen a drop in unionization rates, the drop in union density (the unionized proportion of the working population) has been more significant in the United States than elsewhere.
- Unions no longer carry the "threat effect:" the power of unions to raise wages of non-union shops by virtue of the threat of unions to organize those shops.
-
- Traditionally, the AFL organized unions by
craft rather than industry, for example, electricians or stationary engineers
would form their own skill-oriented unions rather than join a large
automobile-making union.
- Most AFL leaders, including
president William Green, were reluctant to shift from the organization's
longstanding tradition of craft unionism and started to clash with other
leaders within the organization, such as John L.
- The issue came up at the annual AFL
conventions in 1934 and 1935, but the majority voted against a shift to
industrial unionism (organizing workers along the lines of industries rather
than crafts).
- The CIO formed unions with the hope of bringing them into the AFL, but in the
end, the AFL rejected the idea of a more open and inclusive form of organization
that would unionize workers regardless of craft or skills.
- In the end, all unions strongly supported the
war effort after June 1941, when Germany invaded the Soviet Union.
-
- During the Gilded Age, new labor unions, which used a wide variety of tactics, emerged.
- Craft-oriented labor unions, such as carpenters, printers, shoemakers, and cigar makers, grew steadily in the industrial cities after 1870.
- These unions used frequent short strikes as a method to attain control over the labor market, and fight off competing unions.
- The railroads had their own quite separate unions.
- The strike was led by the upstart American Railway Union led by Eugene V.
-
- Gompers helped found the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions in 1881 as a coalition of like-minded unions.
- He promoted harmony among the different craft unions that comprised the AFL, trying to minimize jurisdictional battles.
- Gompers was elected president of Cigarmakers' International Union Local 144 in 1875.
- As was the case with other unions of the day, the Cigarmaker's Union nearly collapsed in the financial crisis of 1877, in which unemployment skyrocketed and ready availability of desperate workers willing to labor for subsistence wages put pressure upon the gains in wages and shortening of hours achieved in union shops.
- During the following decade, Gompers and his unions vigorously fought the Wobblies, and later cooperated with widespread government arrests of union leaders for the IWW's militant opposition to the First World War.
-
- A postwar decade of decline weakened unions and decreased
membership due to a strong economy and anti-union practices by corporations and the government.
- Total labor union membership soared to 5 million
at its peak in 1919.
- Unions weakened in heavy industries,
such as automobiles and steel, but remained strong in construction, printing,
railroads, and crafts.
- U.S. courts and the government also became less hospitable to unions.
- Identify the causes that led to the weakening of unions in the 1920s.