ego-syntonic

Examples of ego-syntonic in the following topics:

• Introduction to Personality Disorders

  • That said, though personality disorders are typically associated with significant distress or disability, they are also ego-syntonic, which means that individuals do not feel as though their values, thoughts, and behaviors are out of place or unacceptable.

• Introduction

  • "Ego" is an individual "focal" node.
  • A network has as many egos as it has nodes.
  • Egos can be persons, groups, organizations, or whole societies.
  • "Neighborhood" is the collection of ego and all nodes to whom ego has a connection at some path length.
  • The boundaries of ego networks are defined in terms of neighborhoods.

• Ego network density

  • Size of ego network is the number of nodes that one-step out neighbors of ego, plus ego itself.
  • In an ego network, ego is connected to every other actor (by definition).
  • If these others are not connected directly to one another, ego may be a "broker" ego falls on a the paths between the others.
  • Ego is "between" two other actors if ego lies on the shortest directed path from one to the other.
  • The ego betweenness measure indexes the percentage of all geodesic paths from neighbor to neighbor that pass through ego.

• Ego network data

  • Surveys may be used to collect information on ego networks.
  • Alternatively, we could use a two-stage snowball method; first ask ego to identify others to whom ego has a tie, then ask each of those identified about their ties to each of the others identified.
  • " The resulting data for each ego would have three nodes (ego, "male friends," "female friends") and the ties among them.
  • It is not necessary, however, to create separate ego-network datasets for each actor to be analyzed.
  • For small datasets, there is often no need to extract separate ego networks.

• Reach

  • Another way of thinking about how close an actor is to all others is to ask what portion of all others ego can reach in one step, two steps, three steps, etc.
  • An index of the "reach distance" from each ego to (or from) all others is calculated.
  • Here, the maximum score (equal to the number of nodes) is achieved when every other is one-step from ego.
  • The last table shows what proportions of others can reach ego at one, two, and three steps.

• Structural holes

  • Dyadic constraint is an measure that indexes the extent to which the relationship between ego and each of the alters in ego's neighborhood "constrains" ego.
  • The effective size of ego's network is three.
  • The effective size of ego's network may tell us something about ego's total impact; efficiency tells us how much impact ego is getting for each unit invested in using ties.
  • If ego's potential trading partners all have one another as potential trading partners, ego is highly constrained.
  • If ego's partners do not have other alternatives in the neighborhood, they cannot constrain ego's behavior.

• Sampling ties

  • Some properties, such as overall network density can be reasonably estimated with ego-centric data.
  • Ego-centric methods really focus on the individual, rather than on the network as a whole.
  • What we cannot know from ego-centric data with any certainty is the nature of the macro-structure or the whole network.
  • In ego-centric networks, the alters identified as connected to each ego are probably a set that is unconnected with those for each other ego.
  • For example, if we identify each of the alters connected to an ego by a friendship relation as "kin," "co-worker," "member of the same church," etc., we can build up a picture of the networks of social positions (rather than the networks of individuals) in which egos are embedded.

• Introduction: A picture is worth...

  • A good drawing can also help us to better understand how a particular "ego" (node) is "embedded" (connected to) its "neighborhood" (the actors that are connected to ego, and their connections to one another) and to the larger graph (is "ego" an "isolate" a "pendant"?).
  • By looking at "ego" and the "ego network" (i.e.

• Brokerage

  • For each one of the instances where ego is a "broker," we examine which kinds of actors are involved.
  • In figure 9.11, ego B is acting as a gatekeeper.
  • Lastly, in figure 9.13, ego B is brokering a relation between two groups, and is not part of either.
  • Generally, if we are interested in ego's relations, the unweighted approach would be used.
  • The output produced by Network>Ego Networks>Brokerage is quite extensive.

• Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

  • According to Freud, our personality develops from the interactions among what he proposed as the three fundamental structures of the human mind: the id, ego, and superego.
  • In contrast to the instinctual id and the moral superego, the ego is the rational, pragmatic part of our personality.
  • Freud believed that the nature of the conflicts among the id, ego, and superego change over time as a person grows from child to adult.
  • According to Freud's structural model, the personality is divided into the id, ego, and superego.
  • According to Freud, the job of the ego is to balance the aggressive/pleasure-seeking drives of the id with the moral control of the superego.