Encyclopaedia, or a Systematic Dictionary of the Sciences, Arts, and Crafts

Examples of Encyclopaedia, or a Systematic Dictionary of the Sciences, Arts, and Crafts in the following topics:

• The Popularization of Science

  • The works were part of an Enlightenment movement to systematize knowledge and provide education to a wider audience than the educated elite.
  • The most well-known of these works is Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert's Encyclopaedia, or a Systematic Dictionary of the Sciences, Arts, and Crafts.
  • A great number of the entries were dedicated to describing the sciences and crafts in detail.
  • The tree reflected the marked division between the arts and sciences, which was largely a result of the rise of empiricism.
  • An increasingly literate population seeking knowledge and education in both the arts and the sciences drove the expansion of print culture and the dissemination of scientific learning.

• Understanding Medical Terms

  • Medical terminology is a language for accurately describing the human body and associated components, conditions, processes and process in a science-based manner.
  • This systematic approach to word building and term comprehension is based on the concept of: (1) word roots, (2) prefixes, and (3) suffixes.
  • The 'word is a term derived from a source language such as Greek or Latin and usually describes a body part.
  • Suffixes are attached to the end of a word root to add meaning such as condition, disease process, or procedure.In the process of creating medical terminology, certain rules of language apply.
  • Once a term is located, the response will be subdivided into several basic formats, including General usage, Medicine, Law, Business, and others.The use of a medical dictionary or Internet search engine is most helpful in learning the exact meaning of a medical term.

• Enlightenment Ideals

  • In Russia, the government began to actively encourage the proliferation of arts and sciences in the mid-18th century.
  • A number of novel ideas developed, including Deism (belief in God the Creator, with no reference to the Bible or any other source) and atheism.
  • The prime example of reference works that systematized scientific knowledge in the Age of Enlightenment were universal encyclopedias rather than technical dictionaries.
  • The most well-known of these works is Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert's Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers.
  • A great number of the entries were dedicated to describing the sciences and crafts in detail, and provided intellectuals across Europe with a high-quality survey of human knowledge.

• The Spanish Conquest and Its Effects on Incan Art

  • After the fall of the Inca Empire, many aspects of Inca culture were systematically destroyed or irrevocably changed by Spanish conquerors.
  • As an effect of this conquest, many aspects of Inca culture were systematically destroyed or irrevocably changed.
  • In addition to disease and population decline, a large portion of the Inca population—including artisans and crafts people—was enslaved and forced to work in the gold and silver mines.
  • Cities and towns were pillaged, along with a vast amount of traditional artwork, craft, and architecture, and new buildings and cities were built by the Spanish on top of Inca foundations.
  • Another unique characteristic of the style was the application of aguada, or watercolor paint, on top of gold leaf or silver paint, giving it a unique metallic sheen.

• Crafts in the Edo Period

  • Of the many and varied traditional handicrafts of Japan, and one closely associated with the Edo period (1600–1868), is the ancient craft of temari.
  • Temari means "handball" in Japanese, and it is a folk craft born in ancient Japan from the desire to amuse and entertain children with a toy handball.
  • Over the years and region by region, the women of Japan explored the craft and improved it.
  • Another Edo period craft that reflected contemporary Japan's interest in electrical phenomena and mechanical sciences was the development of wadokei, or Japanese clockwatches.
  • Temari balls are a folk art form that originated in China and was introduced to Japan around the 7th century A.D.

• Effects of Colonialism on Nigerian Art

  • This era of colonization had a tremendous impact on the art and culture of Nigeria.
  • Little was thought of arts education in secondary schools until a report recommended the teaching of native indigenous hand craft.
  • His themes dealt primarily with the science of perspective, human proportions, drawing, and watercolor painting.
  • His effort led to the hiring of a foreign art teacher named Kenneth Murray, who led a gradual re-awakening of traditional handicraft and arts.
  • In May or June 1907, Picasso experienced a "revelation" while viewing African art at the ethnographic museum at Palais du Trocadéro.

• Scientific Method - The Practice of Science

  • Here we focus on the essentials of the method and then look at how science is practiced.
  • As captured by the Oxford English Dictionary, the essential inviolable commonality of all scientific practice is that it relies on “systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing and modification of hypotheses."
  • In the end, scientific method in the actual practice of science recognizes human biases and prejudices and allows deviations from the protocol.
  • Science “as a way of knowing” the world around us constantly tests, confirms, rejects and ultimately reveals new knowledge, integrating that knowledge into our world view.
  • Observe natural phenomena (includes reading the science and thoughts of others).

• Voltaire

  • Most of his prose, including such genres as romance, drama, or satire, was written as polemics with the goal of conveying radical political and philosophical messages.
  • Only a year later, he published The Philosophical Dictionary - an encyclopedic dictionary with alphabetically arranged articles that criticize the Roman Catholic Church and other institutions.
  • The Dictionary was Voltaire's lifelong project, modified and expanded with each edition.
  • Voltaire broke from the tradition of narrating diplomatic and military events and emphasized customs, social history, and achievements in the arts and sciences.
  • But his disappointments and disillusions with Frederick the Great changed his philosophy and soon gave birth to one of his most enduring works, his novella Candide, or Optimism (1759), which ends with a new conclusion: "It is up to us to cultivate our garden."

• The Importance of Strategy

  • It represents the science of crafting and formulating short-term and long-term initiatives directed at optimally achieving organizational objectives.
  • Strategy is inherently linked to a company's mission statement and vision; these elements constitute the core concepts that allow a company to execute its goals.
  • As a result of its importance to the business or company, strategy is generally perceived as the highest level of managerial responsibility.
  • Strategic management is the art, science, and craft of formulating, implementing, and evaluating cross-functional decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.
  • Strategic management seeks to coordinate and integrate the activities of a company's various functional areas in order to achieve long-term organizational objectives.

• Historical Bias

  • Bias is an inclination or outlook to present or hold a partial perspective, often accompanied by a refusal to consider the possible merits of alternative points of view.
  • Voltaire, a French author and thinker, is credited to have developed a fresh outlook on history that broke from the tradition of narrating diplomatic and military events and emphasized customs, social history (the history of ordinary people) and achievements in the arts and sciences.
  • The practice of viewing and presenting the world from a European or generally Western perspective, with an implied belief in the pre-eminence of Western culture, dominated among European historians who contrasted the progressively mechanized character of European culture with traditional hunting, farming and herding societies in many of the areas of the world being newly conquered and colonized.
  • The challenge to replace national, or even nationalist, perspectives with a more inclusive transnational or global view of human history is also still very present in college-level history curricula.
  • It was compiled by Henry Smith Williams, a medical doctor and author, as well as other authorities on history, and published in New York in 1902 by Encyclopædia Britannica and the Outlook Company.