endoderm

Examples of endoderm in the following topics:

• Gastrulation

  • During gastrulation, the embryo develops three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) that differentiate into distinct tissues.
  • These three germ layers are known as the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
  • The mesoderm is found between the ectoderm and the endoderm, giving rise to somites.
  • The endoderm gives rise to the epithelium of the digestive and respiratory systems, and the organs associated with the digestive system, such as the liver and pancreas.
  • The differentiation of cells into one of three types (endodermal, mesodermal, or ectodermal).

• Development of Metabolism

  • The gut or gastrointestinal tract is an endoderm-derived structure.
  • As a result, a piece of the yolk sac (the endoderm-lined structure in contact with the ventral aspect of the embryo) is then "pinched off" to become the primitive gut.

• Tissue Development

  • The endoderm produces tissue within the lungs, thyroid, and pancreas.
  • The endoderm is one of the germ layers formed during animal embryogenesis.
  • The endoderm consists at first of flattened cells, which subsequently become columnar.
  • Image illustrates the types of cells produced by the endoderm (inner germ layer) of the developing embryo.
  • Compare the three embryonic germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm) from which all body tissues develop

• Animal Characterization Based on Features of Embryological Development

  • Diploblasts have a non-living layer between the endoderm and ectoderm.
  • The pseudocoelomates have a coelom derived partly from mesoderm and partly from endoderm.
  • During embryogenesis, diploblasts develop two embryonic germ layers: an ectoderm and an endoderm.
  • Triploblasts develop a third layer, the mesoderm, between the endoderm and ectoderm
  • Pseudocoelomates also have a body cavity, but it is sandwiched between the endoderm and mesoderm.

• Digestive System Development

  • The digestive system is an endoderm-derived structure that begins developing about the fourth week of embryogenesis.
  • The gut is an endoderm-derived structure.
  • The result is that a piece of the yolk sac, an endoderm-lined structure in contact with the ventral aspect of the embryo, begins to be pinched off to become the primitive gut .

• Epithelial Membranes

  • The mucous membranes are linings of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which are involved in absorption and secretion.

• Cleavage, the Blastula Stage, and Gastrulation

  • The three germs layers are the endoderm, the ectoderm, and the mesoderm.
  • The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system and the epidermis; the mesoderm gives rise to the muscle cells and connective tissue in the body; and the endoderm gives rise to columnar cells found in the digestive system and many internal organs.
  • The three germ layers give rise to different cell types in the animal body: the ectoderm forms the nervous system and the outer layer of skin, the mesoderm gives rise to muscles and connective tissues, and the endoderm gives rise to the lining of the digestive system and other internal organs.

• Organogenesis

  • Organogenesis is the process by which the three germ tissue layers of the embryo, which are the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm, develop into the internal organs of the organism.
  • The endoderm consists, at first, of flattened cells, which subsequently become columnar.
  • Additionally, the endoderm forms internal organs including the stomach, the colon, the liver, the pancreas, the urinary bladder, the epithelial parts of trachea, the lungs, the pharynx, the thyroid, the parathyroid, and the intestines.

• Superphylum Lophotrochozoa

  • In protostomy, solid groups of cells split from the endoderm or inner germ layer to form a central mesodermal layer of cells.
  • The lophotrochozoans are triploblastic, possessing an embryonic mesoderm sandwiched between the ectoderm and endoderm found in the diploblastic cnidarians.

• Blastocyst Formation

  • On the deep surface of the inner cell mass, a layer of flattened cells, called the endoderm, is differentiated and quickly assumes the form of a small sac, called the yolk sac.
  • This layer is derived from the inner cell mass and lies in opposition to the endoderm.