fundamental value equation

Examples of fundamental value equation in the following topics:

• The Accounting Equation

  • The fundamental accounting equation, which is also known as the balance sheet equation, looks like this: $\text{assets} = \text{liabilities} + \text{owner's equity}$.
  • Or more correctly, the term "assets" represents the value of the resources of the business.
  • The fundamental accounting equation is kept in balance after every business transaction because everything falls under these three elements in a business transaction.
  • Looking at the fundamental accounting equation, one can see how the equation stays is balance.
  • Additionally, changes is the accounting equation may occur on the same side of the equation.

• Models Using Differential Equations

  • Differential equations can be used to model a variety of physical systems.
  • Many fundamental laws of physics and chemistry can be formulated as differential equations.
  • The mathematical theory of differential equations first developed together with the sciences where the equations had originated and where the results found application.
  • Conduction of heat is governed by another second-order partial differential equation, the heat equation .
  • The half-life, $t_{1/2}$, is the time taken for the activity of a given amount of a radioactive substance to decay to half of its initial value.

• Components of the Balance Sheet

  • Assets represent things of value that a company owns and has in its possession, or something that will be received and can be measured objectively.
  • Assets have value because a business can use or exchange them to produce the services or products of the business.
  • The relationship of these items is expressed in the fundamental balance sheet equation:
  • The meaning of this equation is important.

• Introduction to Spherical and Cylindrical Harmonics

  • Before we treat the wave equation, let's look at the simpler problem of Laplace's equation:
  • Laplace's equation is fundamental in geophysics since it describes the behavior of static electric and gravitational fields outside of the regions where this is charge or matter.
  • Laplace also made fundamental contributions to mathematics, but I will mention only his book Théorie Analytique des Probabilités.
  • When solving boundary value problems for differential equations like Laplace's equation, it is extremely handy if the boundary on which you want to specify the boundary con- ditions can be represented by holding one of the coordinates constant.
  • On the other hand, if we tried to use Cartesian coordinates to solve a boundary value problem on a spherical domain, we couldn't represent this as a fixed value of any of the coordinates.

• Introduction and Importance

  • Kirchhoff's circuit laws are two equations first published by Gustav Kirchhoff in 1845.
  • Fundamentally, they address conservation of energy and charge in the context of electrical circuits.
  • Although Kirchhoff's Laws can be derived from the equations of James Clerk Maxwell, Maxwell did not publish his set of differential equations (which form the foundation of classical electrodynamics, optics, and electric circuits) until 1861 and 1862.
  • However, using Kirchhoff's rules, one can analyze the circuit to determine the parameters of this circuit using the values of the resistors (R1, R2, R3, r1 and r2).
  • Also of importance in this example is that the values E1 and E2 represent sources of voltage (e.g., batteries).

• The marketing model

  • The marketing model is a management orientation which maintains that the fundamental task of the organization is to determine needs and wants of customers in the target market and adapt the organization as a whole to satisfy their customers more effectively and efficiently.
  • A simple way to understand the creation of value to customers is by examining the following equation:
  • Value is created by increasing benefits to the customers.
  • For this reason, "benefits" is specified in the numerator of this equation (the higher the benefits, the higher the perceived value by the customer); on the other hand, "price" is placed in the denominator since the higher the price the lower the perceived value.
  • Now you must understand how value is created for your customers.

• Fundamental Theorem for Line Integrals

  • Gradient theorem says that a line integral through a gradient field can be evaluated from the field values at the endpoints of the curve.
  • The gradient theorem, also known as the fundamental theorem of calculus for line integrals, says that a line integral through a gradient field can be evaluated by evaluating the original scalar field at the endpoints of the curve.
  • It is a generalization of the fundamental theorem of calculus to any curve in a plane or space (generally $n$-dimensional) rather than just the real line.
  • Work done by conservative forces does not depend on the path followed by the object, but only the end points, as the above equation shows.
  • where the definition of the line integral is used in the first equality and the fundamental theorem of calculus is used in the third equality.

• Equations with Absolute Value

  • To solve an equation with an absolute value, first isolate the absolute value, and then solve for the positive and negative cases.
  • These three equations demonstrate how absolute value equations can have one, two, or no solutions.
  • What value(s) will make this equation true?
  • The following steps describe how to solve an absolute value equation:
  • Break down an absolute value equation into two equations to solve for the variable

• The Substitution Method

  • The substitution method is a way of solving a system of equations by expressing the equations in terms of only one variable.
  • When the resulting simplified equation has only one variable to work with, the equation becomes solvable.
  • Now that we know the value of y, we can use it to find the value of the other variable, x.
  • To do this, substitute the value of y into the first equation and solve for x.
  • Check the solution by substituting the values into one of the equations.

• Thermochemical Equations

  • Thermochemical equations are chemical equations which include the enthalpy change of the reaction, $\Delta H_{rxn}$ .
  • Values of $\Delta H$ can be determined experimentally under standard conditions.
  • A thermochemical equation is a balanced stoichiometric chemical equation which includes the enthalpy change.
  • The equation takes the form:
  • The equation takes the form: