Examples of genetic hitchhiking in the following topics:
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- Genetic variation in a population is determined by mutations, natural selection, genetic drift, genetic hitchhiking, and gene flow.
- Five forces can cause genetic variation and evolution in a population: mutations, natural selection, genetic drift, genetic hitchhiking, and gene flow.
- Even in the absence of selective forces, genetic drift can cause two separate populations that began with the same genetic structure to drift apart into two divergent populations.
- Therefore, the frequency of a gene may increase in a population through genetic hitchhiking if its proximal genes confer a benefit.
- Describe how the forces of genetic drift, genetic hitchhiking, gene flow, and mutation can lead to differences in population variation
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- Therefore, the process of evolution is limited by a population's existing genetic variance, the physical proximity of alleles, non-beneficial intermediate morphs in a polymorphic population, and non-adaptive evolutionary forces.
- When a neutral allele is linked to beneficial allele, consequently meaning that it has a selective advantage, the allele frequency can increase in the population through genetic hitchhiking (also called genetic draft).
- While natural selection selects the fittest individuals and often results in a more fit population overall, other forces of evolution, including genetic drift and gene flow, often do the opposite by introducing deleterious alleles to the population's gene pool.
- It is simply the sum of various forces and their influence on the genetic and phenotypic variance of a population.
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- Genetic variation is a measure of the variation that exists in the genetic makeup of individuals within population.
- Genetic variation is a measure of the genetic differences that exist within a population.
- The genetic variation of an entire species is often called genetic diversity.
- New genetic variation can be created within generations in a population, so a population with rapid reproduction rates will probably have high genetic variation.
- Populations of wild cheetahs have very low genetic variation.
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- The Citizen Genêt Affair threatened American neutrality during the French Revolutionary Wars.
- Genêt commissioned four privateering ships (the Republicaine, the Anti-George, the Sans-Culotte, and the Citizen Genêt) and organized American volunteers to fight Britain's Spanish allies in Florida.
- Angered by Genêt's audacity in recruiting privateers in blatant violation of American neutrality, Washington confronted Genêt in the presidential mansion in Philadelphia.
- When Genêt's request was turned down, he was also informed that his actions were unacceptable.
- Genêt, knowing that he would likely be sent to the guillotine, asked Washington for asylum.
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- It supplies motor fibers to all of the muscles of the tongue, with the exception of the palatoglossus muscle, which is innervated by the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) or, according to some classifications, by fibers from the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) that "hitchhike" within the vagus.
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- The purpose of genetic engineering in animals is to create animals with special characteristics.
- Scientists are now capable of creating new species of animals by taking genetic material from one, or more, plants or animals, and genetically engineering them into the genes of another animal.
- Genetically engineered animals are also created to help medical researchers in their quest to find cures for genetic disease, like breast cancer.
- Despite this debate, the law in both the United States and in Europe, tends to support genetic engineering research and development by allowing genetically engineered animals to be patented.
- Laboratory mice are genetically manipulated by deleting a gene for use in biomedical research.
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- Although environment also plays an important role, genetics influence human intelligence and our capacity to learn in many ways.
- While environmental influences play a large role, our ability to learn is also largely shaped by genetics.
- The occurrence of neurobehavioral disorders is influenced by both genetic and non-genetic factors, and the genes directly associated with these disorders are often unknown.
- It may even be possible to develop specific approaches to help individual students with different genetic predispositions more effectively.
- Discuss the role genetics play in our cognition and our ability to learn.
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- Genetic engineering means the manipulation of organisms to make useful products and it has broad applications.
- Example of a genetic engineering application in medicine: one of the earliest uses of genetic engineering in pharmaceuticals was gene splicing to manufacture large amounts of insulin, made using the cells of E. coli bacteria.
- Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology.
- Genetic engineering has produced a variety of drugs and hormones for medical use.
- Laboratory mice are genetically manipulated by deleting a gene for use in biomedical research.
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- To a large extent, who we are and how we behave is a result of our genetic makeup.
- Behavioral genetics studies heritability of behavioral traits, and it overlaps with genetics, psychology, and ethology (the scientific study of human and animal behavior).
- Genetics plays a large role in when and how learning, growing, and development occurs.
- Classical, or Mendelian, genetics examines how genes are passed from one generation to the next, as well as how the presence or absence of a gene can be determined via sexual reproduction.
- Gregor Mendel is known as the father of the field of genetics, and his work with plant hybridization (specifically pea plants) demonstrated that certain traits follow particular patterns.