Examples of Hellenistic period in the following topics:
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- Architecture during the Hellenistic period focused on theatricality and drama; the period also saw an increased popularity of the Corinthian order.
- Architecture in the Greek world during the Hellenistic period developed theatrical tendencies, as had Hellenistic sculpture.
- Architecture in the Hellenistic period is most commonly associated with the growing popularity of the Corinthian order.
- It was, however, used substantially throughout the Roman period.
- Describe the characteristics of Hellenistic architecture, including stoas, the Corinthian order, and the use of theatricality.
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- The Hellenistic Period witnessed significant scientific advancements, due to the mixing of Greek and Asian culture and royal patronage.
- Hellenistic culture produced seats of learning in Alexandria, Egypt and Antioch, Syria, along with Greek-speaking populations across several monarchies.
- Hellenistic science differed from Greek science in at least two ways.
- First, it benefited from the cross-fertilization of Greek ideas with those that had developed in the larger Hellenistic world.
- Hippocrates was a physician of
the classical period, and is considered one of the most outstanding figures in
the history of medicine.
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- Hellenistic sculpture continues the trend of increasing naturalism seen in the stylistic development of Greek art.
- One of the most iconic statues of the period, the Nike of Samothrace, also known as the Winged Victory, (c. 190 BCE) commemorates a naval victory.
- Also known as the Aphrodite of Melos (c. 130-100 BCE), this sculpture by Alexandros of Antioch, this sculpture is another well-known icon of the Hellenistic period.
- Individual portraits, instead of idealization, also became popular during the Hellenistic period.
- Greece was a key province of the Roman Empire, and the Roman's interest in Greek culture helped to circulate Greek art around the empire, especially in Italy, during the Hellenistic period and into the Imperial period of Roman hegemony.
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- Wealthy Romans commissioned both copies of famous Greek sculptures and originals done in the dramatic, Hellenistic style.
- Greece was a key province of the Roman Empire, and the Roman's interest in Greek culture helped to circulate Greek art around the empire, especially in Italy, during the Hellenistic period and into the Imperial period of Roman hegemony.
- Famous Greek statues were copied and replicated for wealthy Roman patricians and Greek artists were commissioned for large-scale sculptures in the Hellenistic style.
- Some of the most famous colossal marble groups were sculpted in the Hellenistic style for wealthy Roman patrons and for the imperial court.
- Assess the Roman interest in and commission of Greek art during the Hellenistic period.
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- The successor states that emerged were, at least initially, dominant forces, and this 300 year period is often referred to as the Hellenistic period.
- The core of
Hellenistic culture was essentially Athenian.
- Koine spread
throughout the Hellenistic world, becoming the lingua
franca of
Hellenistic lands, and eventually the ancestor of modern Greek.
- Furthermore,
town planning, education, local government, and art during the Hellenistic
periods were all based on classical Greek ideals, evolving into distinct new
forms commonly grouped as Hellenistic.
- After the assassination of Perdiccas in 321 BCE, Macedonian unity collapsed, and 40 years of war between "The Successors" (Diadochi) ensued, before the Hellenistic world settled into four stable power blocks: the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, the Seleucid Empire in the east, the Kingdom of Pergamon in Asia Minor, and Macedon.
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- This time span is known as the Hellenistic Period.
- The core of Hellenistic culture was Athenian.
- This became the common language of Hellenistic lands and is the ancestor of modern Greek.
- Classical Greek ideals stemming from this period evolved into distinct forms grouped together as Hellenistic.
- After the assassination of Perdiccas in 321 BCE, Macedonian unity collapsed, and 40 years of war between "The Successors" (Diadochi) ensued before the Hellenistic world settled into four new empires: the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, the Seleucid Empire in the east, the Kingdom of Pergamon in Asia Minor, and Macedon.
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- The Late Classical period covers the last decades of the Classical periods in the fourth century BCE before the conquest of Greece by Philip II of Macedon and the beginning of the Hellenistic period following the death of Alexander the Great.
- However, there had been a fundamental shift away from the fierce independence and classical culture of the Ancient Greek city-states, and instead toward the developing Hellenistic culture.
- During the Late Classical Period, artist transitioned away from stoic sculptures of the gods and ideal forms, and into more human representation of the gods that began to explore emotion and personality.
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- The Seleucid Empire was a Hellenistic state ruled
by the Seleucid Dynasty, which existed from 312 BCE-63 BCE.
- The Seleucid Empire was a major center of
Hellenistic culture, where Greek customs prevailed and the Greek political elite
dominated, though mostly in urban areas.
- The Attalids themselves were some of the most loyal
supporters of Rome in the Hellenistic world.
- Macedon, or Macedonia, was the dominant state of
Hellenistic Greece.
- Following Cassander’s death in 297 BCE, Macedon slid into a long
period of civil strife.
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- They fell under both Persian and Hellenistic rule.
- Although Egyptian seafaring expeditions had already been made to Byblos to bring back "cedars of Lebanon" as early as the 3rd millennium BCE, continuous contact only occurred in the Egyptian New Empire period.
- The high point of Phoenician culture and sea power is usually placed c. 1200-800 BCE, though many of the most important Phoenician settlements had been established long before this period.
- Though these vassal kingdoms prospered and furnished fleets for the Persian kings, Phoenician influence declined after this period.
- He gained control of the other Phoenician cities peacefully, and the rise of Hellenistic Greece gradually ousted the remnants of Phoenicia's former dominance over the Eastern Mediterranean trade routes.
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- Although based on a strong Indian tradition, the art of Mathura also incorporated elements of the Hellenistic tradition.
- Even these Yaksas indicate some Hellenistic influence, possibly dating back to the occupation of Mathura by the Indo-Greeks during the 2nd century BCE .
- The Mathura sculptures incorporate many Hellenistic elements, such as general idealistic realism, and key design elements, such as curly hair and folded garments.
- These images are more sexually explicit than those of earlier or later periods.
- Buddha from the Gupta period, Musée Guimet, Paris.