inclusion body
(noun)
Inclusion bodies are nuclear or cytoplasmic aggregates of stainable substances, usually proteins.
Examples of inclusion body in the following topics:
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Cell Inclusions and Storage Granules
- Protein inclusion bodies are classically thought to contain misfolded protein.
- However, this has recently been contested, as green fluorescent protein will sometimes fluoresce in inclusion bodies, which indicates some resemblance of the native structure and researchers have recovered folded protein from inclusion bodies.
- When genes from one organism are expressed in another the resulting protein sometimes forms inclusion bodies.
- This electron micrograph shows the rabies virus, as well as Negri bodies, or cellular inclusions.
- Explain the hypothesis regarding the formation of inclusion bodies and the importance of storage granules
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Chlamydiae
- Most intracellular chlamydiae are located in an inclusion body or vacuole .
- Light microscope view of cells infected with chlamydiae as shown by the brown inclusion bodies.
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Viral Exit
- Virus assembly depends on the site of synthesis and such sites are the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi apparatus aka Golgi body.
- Aside from this, assembly also occurs in the viroplasm which is an inclusion body in a cell.
- The viral envelope is the typical lipid bilayer, derived from the host cell itself and sources usually come from the nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus/body, and plasma membrane.
- Excess capsids are formed and inclusion bodies may be seen in the cytoplasm.
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Properties of Life
- Even very simple, single-celled organisms are remarkably complex: inside each cell, atoms make up molecules; these in turn make up cell organelles and other cellular inclusions.
- Tissues, in turn, collaborate to create organs (body structures with a distinct function).
- Organs (groups of tissues working together) perform specific functions, such as carrying oxygen throughout the body, removing wastes, delivering nutrients to every cell, and cooling the body.
- For example, an organism needs to regulate body temperature through a process known as thermoregulation.
- Organisms that live in cold climates, such as the polar bear , have body structures that help them withstand low temperatures and conserve body heat.
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The Inclusive Workplace
- Corporate cultures that display characteristics of global awareness and inclusion capture critical benefits of workplace diversity.
- Enabling an inclusive culture is highly advantageous in capturing the value of diversity.
- The primary threats to an inclusive culture are groupthink, discrimination, stereotyping, and defensiveness.
- Creating an inclusive culture means not only stating support for it via various corporate-wide outlets, but also working towards an ideal level of open and inclusive behavior.
- Access-and-legitimacy paradigm: At this phase, management has successfully elevated the culture from acceptance to active inclusion.
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Diversity Bias
- A large body of evidence, however, shows that an irrational preference for the status quo—a status quo bias—frequently has a negative affect on decision-making.
- As this can include the allocation of resources, promotions and other critical organizational attributes, it poses a serious threat to inclusion (and the benefits of inclusion).
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Chemical Analysis of Microbial Cytoplasm
- These inclusions are characterized by their granular appearance and insolubility.
- Typically, inclusions function as reserve materials.
- E. coli offers another example of bacterial inclusions.
- These E. coli inclusions are composed of protein aggregates.
- In addition, inclusions can contain phosphate reserves, sulfur reserves, or photosynthetic pigments.
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Proportion and Scale
- Images of the human body in exaggerated proportion were used to depict the reality an artist interpreted.
- Architecture has often used proportional systems to generate or constrain the forms considered suitable for inclusion in a building.
- For instance, the Greek classical architectural orders are all proportioned rather than dimensioned or measured modules, because the earliest modules were not based on body parts and their spans (fingers, palms, hands, and feet), but rather on column diameters and the widths of arcades and fenestrations.
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Gender-Neutral Language
- In most cases of writing or speaking about a person whose gender is unknown, ambiguous, or irrelevant, gender-neutral language may be achieved through the use of gender-inclusive, gender-neutral, or epicene words (having characteristics of both sexes) in place of gender-specific ones.
- If no gender-inclusive terms exist, new ones may be coined.
- Additionally, many editing houses, corporations, and government bodies have official policies favoring in-house use of gender-neutral language.
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Alternatives to Dominance and Recessiveness
- With the inclusion of incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles, and mutant alleles, the inheritance of traits is complex process.
- One way in which the mutant allele can interfere is by enhancing the function of the wild-type gene product or changing its distribution in the body.