Irish Homerule Act

Examples of Irish Homerule Act in the following topics:

• Postwar Politics and the Election of 1920

  • Britain had already passed an Irish Homerule Act in 1914, which was suspended for the war's duration, and they passed another in 1920.
  • However, the provisions of these were inadequate to the supporters of the Irish Republic, who wanted full sovereignty.
  • Irish- and German-American voters who had backed Wilson and peace in 1916 now voted against Wilson and Versailles.
  • The Irish Americans, bitterly angry at Wilson's refusal to help Ireland at Versailles, sat out the election.
  • Cox was unable to beat Harding in the 1920 Presidential election, in part due to the Irish Americans' disapproval of Wilson's treatment of Irish demands for independence.

• Domestic Discontent with the War

  • Old-Stock Americans and Irish-Americans opposed U.S. entry into World War I, but Wilson made appeals to gain their support.
  • Old-Stock moralism was aggressively focused on banishing from the face of the Earth things they perceived to be sources of evil, primarily saloons, through acts such as Prohibition, a legal ban on selling and consuming alcohol.
  • This stance of not completely siding with British interests gave the Irish-American community reason to believe it had an implicit promise from Wilson to promote Irish independence in exchange for their support of his war policies.
  • Therefore, the Irish-Americans were bitterly disappointed by Wilson’s refusal after his reelection to support them or the movement for Irish independence.
  • In fact, Wilson never held America’s Irish community in any high regard.

• Social Trends

  • New York and other large cities of the East Coast became home to large Jewish, Irish, and Italian populations, while many Germans and Central Europeans moved to the Midwest, obtaining jobs in industry and mining.
  • After intense anti-Chinese agitation in California and the west, Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882.
  • At the same time, the Catholic Church grew rapidly, with a base in the German, Irish, Polish, and Italian immigrant communities, and a leadership drawn from the Irish.

• The Alien and Sedition Acts

  • The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 were a series of laws that aimed to outlaw speech that was critical of the government.
  • The Naturalization Act repealed and replaced the Naturalization Act of 1795 and extended the duration of residence required for aliens to become citizens of the United States from five years to fourteen years.
  • The most controversial arrest made under the Alien and Sedition Acts was of a member of Congress.
  • Matthew Lyon, an Irish-born former indentured servant who had purchased his own freedom and fought in the American Revolution, was a Democratic-Republican congressman from Vermont jailed under the Sedition Act for his anti-Federalist writings.
  • While the Alien and Sedition Acts were left largely unenforced after 1800, the Alien Act was later used to justify the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II, and the Supreme Court was grappling with the constitutionality of the Sedition Acts as late as the 1960s.

• The Nativist Response to Immigration

  • The Chinese Exclusion Act was a U.S. federal law signed by Chester A.
  • The Chinese Exclusion Act was one of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in U.S. history.
  • The Act also affected Asians who had already settled in the United States.
  • This sentiment led eventually to the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
  • Nativist sentiments experienced a revival in the 1890s, led by Protestant Irish immigrants hostile to Catholic immigration.

• The Molly Maguires

  • The Molly Maguires were an Irish-American organization of coal miners, opposed and persecuted by industrialists and Pinkerton agents.
  • The Molly Maguires were a secret Irish-American organization that consisted mainly of coal miners.
  • The defendants were arrested by the Coal and Iron Police, who served under Gowen; Gowen, who was poised to gain financially from the destruction of the striking union, acted as prosecutor of some of the alleged Molly Maguires at their trials.
  • They were also active in Liverpool, England, and some historians believe that Irish immigrants brought a form of the Molly Maguires organization into America in the 19th century, continuing its activities as a clandestine society.
  • It was believed that Irish miners in the Molly Maguires employed the tactics of intimidation and violence against the hard coal mining companies.

• The Scurrilous Campaign

  • Blaine hoped that he would have more support from Irish Americans than Republicans typically did.
  • While the Irish were mainly a Democratic constituency in the nineteenth century, Blaine's mother was Irish Catholic, and he believed his career-long opposition to the British government would resonate with the Irish.
  • In 1887, he signed an act creating the Interstate Commerce Commission.
  • The Tariff Act of 1890, commonly called the "McKinley Tariff," was an act of the U.S.
  • McKinley, the act's framer and defender, was then assassinated.

• Domestic Turmoil During the Adams Presidency

  • In July of 1798, Adams signed into law the Act for the Relief of Sick and Disabled Seamen, which authorized the establishment of a government-operated marine hospital service.
  • During the Quasi-War, Adams and Congress passed the Naturalization Act on June 18, 1798, as part of the broader Alien and Sedition Acts.
  • The Naturalization Act increased the residency requirement for immigrants to become naturalized citizens in the United States from five to fourteen years.
  • At the time, most immigrants (namely Irish and French) supported Thomas Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans in the domestic outcry over the Alien and Sedition Acts.
  • These acts became a focal point for the Democratic-Republicans' election campaign in 1800.

• Civil Rights of Immigrants

  • For example, in the second half of the 1800s, the Irish population in the U.S. exploded, and anti-Irish sentiment resulted in a plethora of discriminatory practices in housing, employment, and governance.
  • It was not until the passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 that significant numbers of immigrants were once again allowed to enter the U.S.
  • The Immigration and Nationality Act reversed laws that limited the number of immigrants who could enter from any given country, and instead put in place policies that encouraged the immigration of skilled workers and family members of U.S. citizens.
  • The Dream Act is an example of recently proposed legislation that would allow children born to parents who are illegally in the U.S. to attend public universities and become citizens .Although the Dream Act has not passed as federal legislation, a California version was passed in 2011.
  • The California DREAM (Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors) Act is a package of California state laws that allow children who were brought into the US under the age of 16 without proper visas/immigration documentation who have attended school on a regular basis and otherwise meet in-state tuition and GPA requirements to apply for student financial aid benefits.

• Immigration and Illegal Immigration

  • Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence.
  • Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence.
  • In the 1850s, the nativist Know Nothing movement opposed Irish immigration, promulgating fears that the country was being overwhelmed by Irish Catholic immigrants.