libertarian
Sociology
U.S. History
Examples of libertarian in the following topics:
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Issues with the Traditional Political Spectrum
- In this context, the contemporary American on the left is often considered individualist (or libertarian ) on social/cultural issues and communitarian (or populist) on economic issues, while the contemporary American on the right is often considered communitarian (or populist) on social/cultural issues and individualist (or libertarian) on economic issues.
- The Nolan Chart, created by libertarian David Nolan, shows what he considers as "economic freedom " (issues like taxation, free trade, and free enterprise) on the horizontal axis and what he considers as "personal freedom" (issues like drug legalization, abortion, and the draft) on the vertical axis.
- This puts left-wingers in the left quadrant, libertarians in the top, right-wingers in the right, and what Nolan originally named "populists" at the bottom.
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Individualism
- Civil libertarianism is not a complete ideology; rather, it is a collection of views on the specific issues of civil liberties and civil rights.
- Because of this, a civil libertarian outlook is compatible with many other political philosophies, and civil libertarianism is found on both the right and left in modern politics.
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Conservatism
- Libertarian conservatism describes certain political ideologies within the United States and Canada which combine libertarian economic issues with aspects of conservatism.
- Libertarian conservatives generally support strict laissez-faire policies such as free trade and oppose any national bank, regulations on businesses, environmental regulation, corporate subsidies, and other areas of economic intervention.
- Major movements within American conservatism include support for tradition, law-and-order, Christianity, anti-communism, and a defense of "Western civilization from the challenges of modernist culture and totalitarian governments. " Economic conservatives and libertarians favor small government, low taxes, limited regulation, and free enterprise.
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Political Ideology
- American conservatism commonly refers to a combination of economic liberalism and social conservatism and to an extent, libertarianism.
- While often not mentioned in major polls and less organized than liberal or conservatives, libertarians are a significant minority, constituting roughly 13% of the electorate.
- Libertarians commonly hold liberal views on social issues but conservative views on economic issues.
- Since the 1980s, a majority of libertarians have favored the Republican Party, although in recent years, the margin favoring the Republicans has begun to shrink because of the libertarians' opposition to many recent Republican supported social issues.
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Ideological Third Parties and Splinter Parties
- The three main third parties are the Libertarian Party, the Green Party, and the Constitution Party .
- The Libertarian Party supports laissez-faire policies, small government, and is characterized by being socially liberal and fiscally conservative.
- Beyond the Libertarian, Green, and Constitution Parties, third parties in American politics tend even farther towards the fringe, emphasizing ideology and avoiding speaking to a broad base.
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The New Right
- The first New Right (1955–1964) was centered around the libertarians, traditionalists, and anti-communists at William F.
- In defining conservatism, Reagan said, "If you analyze it I believe the very heart and soul of conservatism is libertarianism.
- The basis of conservatism is a desire for less government interference or less centralized authority or more individual freedom and this is a pretty general description also of what libertarianism is. " Reagan's views on government were influenced by Thomas Jefferson, especially his hostility to strong central governments.
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The Changing Federal Role in the Economy
- Classic liberalism and Right-libertarian arguments argue for limited or no role for the federal government in the economy, while welfare economics argue for an increased role of the federal government.
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Hoover and the Limits of Individualism
- Himself a libertarian, Hoover's own rugged individualism may have resulted from his frustration with the unprecedented government involvement in the economy during World War I.
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Peace
- opposition to any organization of society through governmental force (anarchist or libertarian pacifism)
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Hosting Conventions
- Examples of such minor parties include the Green Party, Socialist Party USA, Libertarian Party, Constitution Party, and Reform Party USA.