literati

Examples of literati in the following topics:

• Japanese Literati Painting in the Edo Period

  • An important art trend during the Edo period was the bunjinga or Nanga School, a kind of literati painting highly influenced by China literati.
  • Chinese literati painting focused on expressing the rhythm of nature rather than the realistic depiction of it.
  • As a result, the bunjinga artists who aspired to the ideals and lifestyles of the Chinese literati were left with a rather incomplete view of Chinese literati ideas and art.
  • While the Chinese literati were academics aspiring to be painters, the Japanese literati were professionally trained painters aspiring to be academics and intellectuals.
  • Discuss literati painting in Edo Japan and its debt to China

• Chinese Literati Expressionism under the Ming Dynasty

  • Literati Expressionism in Chinese painting was produced by scholar-bureaucrats of the Southern School, rather than by professional painters.
  • The literati lifestyle and attitude, as well as the associated style of painting, can be said to go back to early periods of Chinese history.
  • Literati paintings are most commonly of landscapes, often of the shanshui ("mountain water") genre.
  • Calligraphic inscriptions, either of classical poems or ones composed by a contemporary literati (typically the painter or a friend), are also quite common.
  • Differentiate the literati Southern School of Chinese painting from its professional counterpart in the North

• The Literati

  • Scholar-officials, also known as the Chinese literati, were civil servants appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day governance, and came into special prominence during the Tang dynasty.
  • These scholar-officials, also known as the literati, performed the day-to-day governance of the state from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty, China's last imperial dynasty, in 1912, but came to special prominence during the Tang period.
  • Wu's progressive accumulation of political power through enhancement of the examination system involved attaining the allegiance of previously under-represented regions, alleviating frustrations of the literati, and encouraging education in various locales so even people in the remote corners of the empire would work on their studies in order to pass the imperial exams.
  • Describe the role of the literati in the Tang dynasty's administration

• Ukiyo-e Woodblock Prints in the Edo Period

  • By 1800, ukiyo-e flourished alongside Rinpa and literati painting.
  • Ukiyo-e was closely linked to the bunjinga, or literati, style of painting that emerged during the same period.

• Kanō School Painting in the Edo Period

  • The Kanō School drew on the Chinese tradition of literati painting by scholar-bureaucrats, but the Kanō painters were firmly professional artists: they were very generously paid if successful and received formal workshop training in the family workshop (similar to European painters of the Renaissance or Baroque period).
  • Describe the defining characteristics of the Kano School during the Edo Period, and distinguish it from literati painting

• Painting under the Yuan Dynasty

  • The most notable of these was Huang Gongwang (1269–1354), whose cool and restrained landscapes were admired by contemporaries and by the Chinese literati painters of later centuries.
  • Huang Gongwang rejected the landscape conventions of his era's Academy but is regarded as one of the great literati painters.

• Individualist Painting under the Qing Dynasty

  • His paintings exemplify the internal contradictions and tensions of the literati or scholar-amateur artist, and they have been interpreted as an invective against art-historical canonization.

• Calligraphy during the Six Dynasties Period

  • The preface describes the event during that year's Spring Purification Festival in which 42 literati, including Xie An and Sun Chuo, were present at a gathering at the Orchid Pavilion near Shaoxing, Zhejiang, at which they composed poems, played music, and enjoyed wine.

• Painting under the Ming Dynasty

  • Often classified as Literati, scholars, or amateur painters (as opposed to professionals), members of the Wu School idealized the concepts of personalizing works and integrating the artists into the art.

• Art under the Ming Dynasty

  • Literati scholars edited or developed major Chinese novels into mature form in this period, such as Water Margin and Journey to the West.