noncoding

(adjective)

DNA which does not code for protein

Related Terms

Examples of noncoding in the following topics:

  • Noncoding DNA

    • The amount of noncoding DNA varies greatly among species.
    • For example, over 98% of the human genome is noncoding DNA, while only about 2% of a typical bacterial genome is noncoding DNA.
    • Other noncoding sequences have likely, but as-yet undetermined, functions.
    • Utricularia gibba, a bladderwort plant, has only 3% noncoding DNA .
    • Most of the genome size difference appears to lie in the noncoding DNA.

  • Regulation of Sigma Factor Translation

    • The translational control of sigma factors involves the presence and function of small noncoding RNAs.
    • Small noncoding RNAs are able to sense environmental changes and stresses resulting in increased expression of RpoS protein.
    • The small noncoding RNAs are able to specifically increase the amount of rpoS mRNA that undergoes translation.
    • There are numerous classes of small noncoding RNAs that function in RpoS regulation, including DsrA, RprA and OxyS.
    • These small noncoding RNAs are capable of sensing changes in temperature (DsrA), cell surface stress (RprA) and oxidative stress (OxyS).

  • Size Variation and ORF Contents in Genomes

    • These microorganisms have very little noncoding or repetitive DNA, as the variation in their genome size usually reflects differences in gene repertoire.

  • Retroviral RNA Genome

    • The RNA genome also has terminal noncoding regions, which are important in replication, and internal regions that encode virion proteins for gene expression.

  • Molecular and Cellular Cloning

    • Cloning small fragments of the genome allows for the manipulation and study of specific genes (and their protein products) or noncoding regions in isolation.

  • Telomere Replication

    • After each round of DNA replication, some telomeric sequences are lost at the 5' end of the newly synthesized strand on each daughter DNA, but because these are noncoding sequences, their loss does not adversely affect the cell.

  • RNA and Protein Synthesis

    • The informational DNA segments that make up genes are called exons, and the noncoding segments are called introns.