nuclear medicine

Examples of nuclear medicine in the following topics:

• Isotopes in Medicine

  • Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty that involves the application of radioactive substances to diagnose or treat disease.
  • Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty that involves the application of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of a disease.
  • In nuclear medicine procedures, radionuclides are combined with other elements to form chemical compounds.
  • This property of radiopharmaceuticals allows nuclear medicine the ability to image the extent of a disease process in the body.
  • The radiopharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine therapy emit ionizing radiation that travels only a short distance.

• Bone Scans

  • Bone scans are a special type of nuclear scanning test that is often used to find bone cancer or bone inflammation.
  • A bone scan is a nuclear scanning test to find certain abnormalities in bone that are triggering the bone's attempts to heal.
  • A nuclear bone scan is a functional test, which means it measures an aspect of bone metabolism or bone remodeling .
  • Nuclear bone scans are not to be confused with the completely different test often termed a "bone density scan," DEXA or DXA, which is a low exposure X-ray test measuring bone density to look for osteoporosis and other diseases where bones lose mass, without any bone re-building (osteoblastic) activity.
  • The nuclear medicine scan technique is sensitive to areas of unusual bone re-building activity because the radiopharmaceutical is taken up by osteoblast cells that build bone.

• Medical Imaging

  • In the mid-20th century, new biological treatments, such as antibiotics, and advancements in chemistry, genetics, and lab technology (such as the x-ray) led to modern medicine.
  • This imaging modality utilizes a wide beam of x rays for image acquisition and is the first imaging technique available in modern medicine.
  • Nuclear medicine encompasses both diagnostic imaging and treatment of disease, and may also be referred to as molecular medicine or molecular imaging and therapeutics.
  • Nuclear medicine uses certain properties of isotopes and the energetic particles emitted from radioactive material to diagnose or treat various pathology.
  • Different from the typical concept of anatomic radiology, nuclear medicine enables assessment of physiology.

• Gamma Rays

  • Some rare terrestrial natural sources that produce gamma rays that are not of a nuclear origin, are lightning strikes and terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, which produce high energy emissions from natural high-energy voltages.
  • Notable artificial sources of gamma rays include fission such as occurs in nuclear reactors, and high energy physics experiments, such as neutral pion decay and nuclear fusion.
  • Gamma radiation from radioactive materials is used in nuclear medicine.

• The Iranian Nuclear Deal

• Nuclear Proliferation

• Alternatives to Traditional Health Care

  • Alternative medicine is any practice claiming to heal "that does not fall within the realm of conventional medicine".
  • Alternative medicine methods are diverse in their foundations and methodologies.
  • Alternative medicine is frequently grouped with complementary medicine or integrative medicine, which, in general, refers to the same interventions when used in conjunction with mainstream techniques, under the umbrella term complementary and alternative medicine, or CAM.
  • Integrative medicine is the combination of the practices and methods of alternative/complementary medicine with conventional medicine.
  • It may include preventive medicine and patient-centered medicine.

• "The Hour of Maximum Danger"

  • Some of the most notable events that stemmed from tenets of JFK's foreign policy initiatives in regard to containing the threat of communism were the Kennedy Doctrine, the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Bay of Pigs Invasion, and the ratification of the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.
  • After 20 months, Cuba released the captured exiles in exchange for $53 million worth of food and medicine.
  • Troubled by the long-term dangers of radioactive contamination and nuclear weapons proliferation, Kennedy and USSR leader Khrushchev agreed to negotiate a nuclear test ban treaty.
  • In the Vienna summit meeting in June 1961, Khrushchev and Kennedy reached an informal understanding against nuclear testing, but the Soviet Union began testing nuclear weapons that September.

• Nuclear Weapons

  • The proliferation of nuclear weapons, explosive devices which derive force from nuclear reactions, is a key challenge of foreign policy.
  • The proliferation of nuclear weapons, explosive devices which derive their destructive force from nuclear reactions (either fission or a combination of fission and fusion), is an important challenge of foreign policy.
  • By the 1960s, steps were being taken to limit both the proliferation of nuclear weapons to other countries and the environmental effects of nuclear testing.
  • The Partial Test Ban Treaty (1963) restricted all nuclear testing to underground facilities, to prevent contamination from nuclear fallout, while the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (1968) attempted to place restrictions on the types of activities signatories could participate in, with the goal of allowing the transference of non-military nuclear technology to member countries without fear of proliferation.
  • Identify the history of nuclear weapons and international efforts to regulate them

• The Reagan Administration

  • Reagan later negotiated with Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev, culminating in the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty and the decrease of both countries' nuclear arsenals.
  • In 1961, when Congress began to explore nationwide health insurance for the elderly under Social Security, Reagan made a recording for the American Medical Association in which he denounced the idea—which was later adopted as Medicare—as “socialized medicine.”