oral contraception

Examples of oral contraception in the following topics:

• Hormonal Methods

  • The original hormonal method—the combined oral contraceptive pill—was first marketed as a contraceptive in 1960.
  • In the ensuing decades, many other delivery methods have been developed, although the oral and injectable methods are by far the most popular .
  • Altogether, 18% of the world's contraceptive users rely on hormonal methods.
  • Estrogen was originally included in oral contraceptives for better cycle control (to stabilize the endometrium and thereby reduce the incidence of breakthrough bleeding), but was also found to inhibit follicular development and help prevent ovulation.
  • Oral contraceptives typically come in foil packets with designated pills for each day.

• Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

  • Names and descriptors of intrauterine contraceptive devices vary by location.
  • In the United States, two types of intrauterine contraceptive (both referred to as IUDs) are available: the copper Paragard and the hormonal Mirena.
  • Hormonal intrauterine contraceptives are considered to be a different type of birth control, and they are distinguished with the term intrauterine system or IUS.
  • Although use of the Mirena results in much lower systemic progestogen levels than other very-low-dose progestogen-only hormonal contraceptives, it may still have some of the same side effects as low does progesterone-only hormonal contraceptives.
  • Unlike oral contraceptives, with the use of the Mirena the hormones are localized to the uterine area.

• Effects of Drug Combinations

  • Another well studied interaction is between antibiotics and the contraceptive pill.
  • The majority of studies indicate that antibiotics do not interfere with contraceptive pills.
  • Clinicians have recommended that extra contraceptive measures be applied during therapies using antibacterials that are suspected to interact with oral contraceptives.

• Sexual Behavior Since Kinsey

  • Another scientific product had a profound impact on the development of the sexual revolution: the development of oral contraception.
  • Before the pill, there was a lack of affordable and safe options for contraception, rendering unwanted pregnancy a serious risk of premarital sexual activity.
  • However, many states still outlawed the use of contraceptives in order to reflect and enforce an ethic in which sexual activity was only acceptable for reproduction.
  • In its opinion, the Supreme Court held that the government could not dictate the use of contraception by married couples because such action would be a violation of the right to marital privacy implied in the Bill of Rights.

• The Sexual Revolution

  • This new contraceptive technology was a key player in forming women's modern economic role by indirectly prolonging the age at which many women first married.
  • While this was true of previous contraceptives, their relatively high failure rates and their less widespread use failed to emphasize this distinction as clearly as the Pill did.
  • The spread of oral contraceptive use thus led many religious figures and institutions to debate the proper role of sexuality and its relationship to procreation.
  • The Roman Catholic Church in particular reiterated the established Catholic teaching that artificial contraception distorts the nature and purpose of sex.
  • The combined oral contraceptive pills, approved by the FDA in the early 1960s.

• Ovarian Cancer

  • Use of combined oral contraceptive pills is a protective factor.
  • Early age at first pregnancy, older age of final pregnancy and the use of low dose hormonal contraception have also been shown to have a protective effect.

• Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

  • Infection occurs in about 30% of women who are taking a course of oral antibiotics.
  • The evidence of the effect of oral contraceptives is controversial.

• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

  • Some common conditions that can lead to CTS include obesity, oral contraceptives, hypothyroidism, arthritis, diabetes, and trauma.

• Barrier Methods

  • Barrier contraception methods prevent pregnancy by physically preventing sperm from entering the uterus.
  • Barrier contraception methods prevent pregnancy by physically preventing sperm from entering the uterus.
  • The cervical cap is a form of female barrier contraception.
  • The diaphragm has become an increasingly unpopular method of birth control, replaced with oral contraceptives and IUDs.
  • In 2002, only 0.2% of American women were using a diaphragm as their primary method of contraception.

• The Right to Privacy

  • Connecticut, a 1965 decision protecting a married couple's rights to contraception.
  • They also mention the necessary limitations on the doctrine, excluding matters of public or general interest, privileged communications such as judicial testimony, oral publications in the absence of special damage, and publications of information published or consented to by the individual.
  • Connecticut, a 1965 decision protecting a married couple's rights to contraception.