paralogous

Examples of paralogous in the following topics:

• Homologs, Orthologs, and Paralogs

  • Paralogs can be split into in-paralogs (paralogous pairs that arose after a speciation event) and out-paralogs (paralogous pairs that arose before a speciation event).
  • Between species out-paralogs are pairs of paralogs that exist between two organisms due to duplication before speciation.
  • Within species out-paralogs are pairs of paralogs that exist in the same organism, but whose duplication event happened after speciation.
  • Paralogs typically have the same or similar function, but sometimes do not.
  • Paralogous sequences provide useful insight into the way genomes evolve.

• Homologous Structures

  • Homologous sequences are considered paralogous if they were separated by a gene duplication event; if a gene in an organism is duplicated to occupy two different positions in the same genome, then the two copies are paralogous.
  • A set of sequences that are paralogous are called paralogs of each other.
  • Paralogs typically have the same or similar function, but sometimes do not.
  • Paralogous genes often belong to the same species, but not always.
  • For example, the hemoglobin gene of humans and the myoglobin gene of chimpanzees are considered paralogs.

• Gene Duplications and Divergence

  • Both orthologous genes (resulting from a speciation event) and paralogous genes (resulting from gene duplication within a population) can be said to display divergent evolution.