Pennsylvania Dutch

Examples of Pennsylvania Dutch in the following topics:

• Quaker Liberty

  • The Quaker colony of Pennsylvania emphasized freedom of religion through its Charter of Privileges.
  • Until the French and Indian Wars, Pennsylvania had no militia, few taxes, and no public debt.
  • Pennsylvania embraced freedom of religion and welcomed religious and political refugees, including German immigrants, to the Pennsylvania Dutch Country frontier.
  • German (or "Deitsch") religious and political refugees prospered on the fertile soil and spirit of cultural creativeness in the Pennsylvania Dutch Country hinterlands.
  • The first hospital in the British American colonies, Pennsylvania Hospital, was founded in 1751, and The Academy and College of Philadelphia (which later became the University of Pennsylvania) was founded in 1749.

• German Migration

  • German immigrants began settling in New England at the beginning of the eighteenth century, but soon settled mostly in Pennsylvania.
  • The tide of German immigration to Pennsylvania swelled between 1725 and 1775, with immigrants arriving as redemptioners or indentured servants.
  • Collectively, they came to be known as the Pennsylvania Dutch.
  • Describe the political and cultural commitments of the German presence in the Pennsylvania colony

• The Demographics of the Middle Colonies

  • They were erroneously labeled the Pennsylvania Dutch and comprised one-third of the population by the time of the American Revolution.
  • Other groups included the Welsh, Dutch, Swedes, Swiss, Scots Highlanders, and Huguenots.
  • The Dutch West India Company introduced slavery to New Netherland in 1625.
  • Despite Quaker opposition to slavery, by 1730, colonists had brought about 4,000 slaves into Pennsylvania.
  • The Pennsylvania Gradual Abolition Act of 1780 was the first attempt to abolish slavery in the colonies and what would become the United States.

• Pennsylvania and Delaware

  • In 1681, William Penn founded the Province of Pennsylvania, also known as Pennsylvania Colony, in British America by royal charter.
  • The Mason-Dixon line is said to have legally resolved vague outlines between Maryland and Pennsylvania and awarded Delaware to Pennsylvania.
  • He attempted to merge the governments of Pennsylvania and Delaware.
  • Delaware continued to be a melting pot of sorts and was home to Swedes, Finns, Dutch, and French, in addition to the English, who constituted the dominant culture.
  • It also encouraged the rapid growth of Philadelphia into America's most important city, and of the Pennsylvania Dutch Country hinterlands, where German religions and political refugees prospered on the fertile soil and spirit of cultural creativeness.

• The Holy Experiment

  • The Holy Experiment was the Quakers' attempt to establish a community for themselves in Pennsylvania.
  • Penn named his new colony Pennsylvania, meaning "Penn's Woods. " He then tried to attract settlers to Pennsylvania and make a profit off his newly founded colony.
  • It also encouraged the rapid growth of Philadelphia into America's most important city, and of the Pennsylvania Dutch Country hinterlands, where German (or "Duetsch") religions and political refugees prospered on the fertile soil and spirit of cultural creativeness.
  • In 1751, Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in the British American colonies, and The Academy and College of Pennsylvania, the predecessor to the private University of Pennsylvania, both opened.
  • Describe the founding of the Pennsylvania colony and its central features

• Settling the Middle Colonies

  • The Dutch soon claimed the land, and although the Swedes and the Dutch fought over the land in the 1630s, the Dutch ultimately claimed the land as New Netherland.
  • In 1704, Dutch land given to Penn by the Duke of York was separated and once again became part of the Delaware Colony.
  • Delaware changed hands between the Dutch and Swedes between 1631 and 1655.
  • The Dutch maintained control of Delaware until 1664, when it was renamed New Castle after the Duke of York.
  • The Dutch Reformed were strong in upstate New York and New Jersey, and Congregationalists were important in Long Island.

• From New Netherland to New York

  • It encompassed parts of the later states of New Jersey, Delaware, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island.
  • New Netherland became a province of the Dutch Republic in 1624.
  • The Dutch in New York chafed under English rule.
  • In 1673, during the Third Anglo-Dutch War (1672–1674), the Dutch recaptured the colony; however, at the end of the conflict, the English had regained control.
  • The Dutch West India Company had introduced slavery in 1625.

• Troubled Neighbors

  • The Anglo–Dutch Wars, also known as the Dutch Trade Wars, were fought in the 17th and 18th centuries for control over the seas and trade routes.
  • The second and third Anglo-Dutch wars confirmed the Dutch Republic's position as the leading maritime state of the 17th century.
  • In 1634, Maryland, a narrow strip of land north of Virginia and south of Pennsylvania, was settled as a Catholic colony via a royal charter.
  • Charles II granted William Penn the territory now known as Pennsylvania, and Penn in turn granted refuge to Quakers, a group of Protestants who opposed the Church of England, in his new colony.
  • The original charter of Pennsylvania also encompassed present-day Delaware, but the people of Delaware, who were mostly non-Quakers, separated from Pennsylvania in 1704.

• The Economy of the Middle Colonies

  • During the American Revolution, the Middle Colonies became independent of Britain as the states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York and Delaware.
  • Pennsylvania became a leading exporter of wheat, corn, rye, hemp, and flax, making it the leading food producer in the colonies (and later states) between the years of 1725 and 1840 .
  • In Pennsylvania, sawmills and gristmills were abundant, and the textile industry grew quickly.
  • The colony also became a major producer of pig iron and its products, including the Pennsylvania long rifle and the Conestoga wagon.
  • The Netherlands granted an exclusive patent for trade in the New World to the Dutch East India Company.

• New Jersey

  • The Dutch claimed New Jersey first.
  • The Dutch colony of New Netherland consisted of parts of modern Middle Atlantic States.
  • New Sweden was founded in 1638 and taken over by the Dutch in 1655.
  • New England Congregationalists settled alongside Scottish Presbyterians and Dutch Reformed migrants.
  • Bowen Map of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York and New England; ca. 1747