Examples of political-demographic cycles in the following topics:
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- Social cycle theories argue that historical events and the different stages of society generally go through recurring cycles.
- In fact, the early theory of Sima Qian, a Chinese historiographer of the Han Dynasty and typically considered to be the father of Chinese historiography, the more recent theories of long-term ("secular") political-demographic cycles as well as the Varnic theory of P.R.
- One of the most important recent findings in the study of the long-term dynamic social processes was the discovery of the political-demographic cycles as a basic feature of the dynamics of complex agrarian systems.
- The presence of political-demographic cycles in the pre-modern history of Europe and China , and in chiefdom level societies worldwide has been known for quite a long time, and already in the 1980s more or less developed mathematical models of demographic cycles started to be produced.
- Examine the change in social cycle theories throughout history, ranging from ideas of "life cycles" to political-demographic cycles
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- Censuses, another demographic tool, were institued for primarily political purposes:
- The development of demographic calculations started in the 18th century.
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- ., World Systems Theory), especially at the macro and/or societal levels, sociologists should first turn to demographic indicators for possible explanations.
- Demographic analysis is a powerful tool that can explain a number of sociological phenomena.
- For instance, in examining the elements that led to the first World War, most people turn to political and diplomatic conflicts but fail to consider the implications of expanding populations in the European countries involved.
- In this fashion, demographic indicators are often informative in explaining world events and should be turned to first as explanations.
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- Realigning election are terms from political science and political history describing a dramatic change in the political system.
- More specifically, it refers to American national elections in which there are sharp changes in issues, party leaders, the regional and demographic bases of power of the two parties, and structure or rules of the political system (such as voter eligibility or financing), resulting in a new political power structure that lasts for decades.
- The central holding of realignment theory, first developed in the political scientist V.
- Key Jr. concluded that systematic patterns are identifiable in American national elections such that cycles occur on a regular schedule: once every 36-years or so.
- This period of roughly 30 years fits with the notion that these cycles are closely linked to generational change.
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- Political socialization takes place throughout the life cycle, but major life or political events can also impact political values.
- Initially, studies indicated that the most important factor in forming political values was the life cycle.
- Later studies have shown that the initial strong effect of the life cycle variable was mitigated by generational effects.
- Several studies concluded that generational effects (major life events) were distinct from life cycle effects, and that both were significant factors in creating (or not creating) partisanship.
- Major historical or political events, such as September 11th, can impact the political socialization and the formation of political values for an entire generation.
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- The technology life cycle describes the costs and profits of a product from technological development to market maturity to decline.
- The technology life cycle (TLC) describes the costs and profits of a product from technological development phase to market maturity to eventual decline.
- These have also been distributed into phases which effectively summarize the demographic groups presented during each stage of TLC:
- Early Adopters - A larger but still relatively small demographic, these individuals are generally risk-oriented and highly adaptable to new technology.
- Categorize the four distinct stages in the technology life cycle and apply the five demographic consumer groups in the context of these stages
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- Immigration has been a pivotal source for change in the social, economic and political makeup of the U.S.
- Immigration to the United States is a complex demographic phenomenon that has been a major source of population and cultural change throughout much of U.S. history .
- Immigration has political, social and economic impacts that have led to a variety of controversies regarding ethnicity, economic benefits, jobs for non-immigrants, settlement patterns, upward social mobility, crime, and voting behavior.
- Compare and contrast the different cycles of immigration in U.S. history
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- People form political values throughout their life cycle through different agents of political socialization, including family, media, and education.
- Political socialization is a concept concerning the "study of the developmental processes by which children of all ages (12 to 30) and adolescents acquire political cognition, attitudes, and behaviors".
- It is through the performance of this function that individuals are inducted into the political culture and their orientations towards political objects are formed.
- Family - Most important shaper of basic attitudes Teaches basic political values & loyalty to particular political party
- Children learn political values through political socialization.
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- A sample size of around 500 – 1,000 is a typical compromise for political polls .
- Another source of error stems from faulty demographic models by pollsters who weigh their samples by particular variables such as party identification in an election.
- As a result, one would underestimate a victory or a defeat of a particular party candidate that saw a surge or decline in its party registration relative to the previous presidential election cycle.
- In American political parlance, this phenomenon is often referred to as the Bradley effect.
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- Consequently, they tend to have more defined political opinions, vote more often, participate more in political activities, and donate more money to causes than poorer or less educated people.
- They are likely to form opinions about political issues and engage in discussions.
- Whites are more likely to contact public officials and join political organizations.
- These groups have not experienced as much political socialization as other groups.
- Despite these developments, women are still socialized to supporting political roles, such as volunteers in political campaigns, rather than leading roles, such as higher-level elected officials.