Quraysh tribe

Examples of Quraysh tribe in the following topics:

• Arabian Cities

  • Some time in the 5th century, the Kaaba was a place to worship the deities of Arabia's pagan tribes.
  • Mecca's most important pagan deity was Hubal, whose idol had been placed there by the ruling Quraysh tribe and remained until the 7th century.
  • In the 5th century, the Quraysh tribes took control of Mecca and became skilled merchants and traders.
  • Yathrib was dominated by Jewish tribes until around 400 CE, when several Arab tribes gained political power.
  • The longstanding enmity between the Aus and Khazraj tribes was dampened as many tribe members, and some local Jews, embraced Islam.

• Flight from Mecca to Medina

  • Muhammad's preaching was particularly offensive to his own Quraysh tribe because they guarded the Kaaba and drew their political and religious power from its polytheistic shrines.
  • On the night of his departure, Muhammad's house was besieged by the appointed men of Quraysh.
  • The Quraysh intercepted him en route and made a treaty with the Muslims.
  • The treaty demonstrated that the Quraysh recognized Muhammad as their equal and Islam as a rising power.
  • The Quraysh tribe controlled the Kaaba and drew their religious and political power from its polytheistic shrines, so they began to persecute the Muslims and many of Muhammad's followers became martyrs.

• Islam Ascendant

  • Upon his arrival in Medina, Muhammad unified the tribes by drafting the Constitution of Medina, which was a formal agreement between Muhammad and all of the significant tribes and families of Medina, including Muslims, Jews, Christians, and pagans.
  • This response to persecution and effort to provide sustenance for Muslim families initiated armed conflict between the Muslims and the pagan Quraysh of Mecca.
  • Abu Sufyan, the leader of the ruling Quraysh tribe, gathered an army of 3,000 men and set out for an attack on Medina.
  • After eight years of fighting with the Meccan tribes, Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and marched on the city of Mecca.
  • Muhammad defeated the Hawazin and Thaqif tribes in the Battle of Hunayn.

• Early Life of Muhammad

  • Muhammad was born around the year 570 CE to the Banu Hashim clan of the Quraysh tribe, one of Mecca's prominent families.

• American Indian Relocation

  • The resolution established that Congress would pass termination acts on a tribe by tribe basis.
  • The Indian Health Service provided health care for many Indian tribes, but once a tribe was terminated all tribe members lost their eligibility. 
  • The Menominee tribe is one poignant example.
  • The Menominee tribe had 800 individuals within the tribe and 220 individuals who were unemployed in June 1968.
  • After just a few years, the Klamath tribe was in the same situation as many other tribes that were terminated.

• The Nomadic Tribes of Arabia

  • Many of these tents and their associated familial relations comprised a tribe.
  • Non-members of the tribe were viewed as outsiders or enemies.
  • Tribes shared common ethical understandings and provided an individual with an identity.
  • The Bedouin tribes in pre-Islamic Arabia were nomadic-pastoralists.
  • Some tribes traded with towns in order to gain goods, while others raided other tribes for animals, women, gold, fabric, and other luxury items.

• Women in Pre-Islamic Arabia

  • In other places, such as the city of Mecca, and in the nomadic Bedouin tribes, tribal law determined women's rights.
  • The tribal leader enforced the tribe's spoken rules, which generally limited the rights of the women.
  • Marriages usually consisted of an agreement between a man and his future wife's family, and occurred either within the tribe or between two families of different tribes.
  • Upon marriage, the woman would leave her family and reside permanently in the tribe of her husband.
  • A woman's male children could inherit property and increased the wealth of the tribe.

• Culture and Religion in Pre-Islamic Arabia

  • The nomadic tribes of pre-Islamic Arabia primarily practiced polytheism, although some tribes converted to Judaism and Christianity.
  • Before the rise of Islam, most Bedouin tribes practiced polytheism, most often in the form of animism.
  • Tribes constructed verses against their enemies, often discrediting their people or fighting abilities.
  • Poets maintained sacred places in their tribes and communities because they were thought to be divinely inspirited.
  • The Kaaba is a cube-shaped building in Mecca held to be sacred both by Muslims and pre-Islamic polytheistic tribes.

• The Pequot War

  • This turned the war against the Pequot and broke the tribe's resistance.
  • In 1631 the tribe was divided into pro-English and pro-Dutch factions.
  • The tribe's leader, Wopigwooit, died in that year.
  • The tribe picked Sassacus.
  • That winter, the Pequot sent war belts to many surrounding tribes.

• Changes in American Indian Life

  • The tribes trained and used horses to ride, carry goods for exchange with neighboring tribes, hunt game, and conduct wars and raids.
  • In the 1790s, Benjamin Hawkins was assigned as the U.S. agent to the southeastern tribes that became known as the Five Civilized Tribes, for their adoption of numerous Anglo-European practices.
  • Hawkins advised the tribes to take up slaveholding to aid them in European-style farming and plantations.
  • In the 19th century, some members of these tribes began to purchase African American slaves.
  • Discuss how early Native American tribes were affected and influenced by the coming of the British Colonists