race

Examples of race in the following topics:

• The Atomic Race

• The Space Race

• Social Definition of Race

  • Debates continue in and among academic disciplines as to how race should be understood.
  • Following the World War II, alongside empirical and conceptual problems with "race," evolutionary and social scientists were acutely aware of how beliefs about race had been used to justify discrimination, apartheid, slavery, and genocide.
  • The social construction of race has developed within various legal, economic, and sociopolitical contexts, and may be the effect, rather than the cause of major race-related issues.
  • This map depicts the three great races, according to Meyers Konversationslexikon, of 1885-90.
  • The subtypes of the Mongoloid race are shown in yellow and orange tones, those of the Europid race in light and medium grayish green-cyan tones, and those of the Negroid race in brown tones.

• Race and Genetics

  • People's understanding of "race" emerged long before we knew anything about genetics.
  • There are very few biological differences between the races and there is no "race" gene or set of genes to speak of.
  • The relationship between race and genetics has relevance for the ongoing controversies regarding race.
  • Rather, race is a social construct and a product of culture, not biology.
  • Recall what recent discoveries in genetics has revealed about the concept of race

• The Changing Definitions of Race

  • The division of humanity into distinct races can be traced as far back as the Ancient Egyptian sacred text the Book of Gates, which identified four races according to the Egyptians.
  • These scientists made three claims about race:
  • Races were distinguished by skin color, facial type, cranial profile and size, and texture and color of hair.
  • Races were almost universally considered to reflect group differences in moral character and intelligence.
  • The United States government has attempted its own definitions of race and ethnicity (see for example U.S.

• Race

  • Historically, the concept of race has changed across cultures and eras.
  • While biologists sometimes use the concept of race to make distinctions among sets of traits, others in the scientific community suggest that this idea of race is often used in a naive or simplistic way.
  • The word "race" was originally used to refer to any nation or ethnic group.
  • Contemporary conceptions of race illuminate how far removed modern race understanding is from biological qualities.
  • Interpret ''the ideology of race'' based on examples from the text

• Legal Definition of Race

  • Many governments provide legal definitions of race for purposes of census-taking and calculating budgets for governmental programs.
  • Census Bureau currently uses race and ethnicity as self-identification data items.
  • In this system, the residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify and indicate what their ethnic origin is (e.g., Latino).
  • The racial categories represent a social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be.
  • Paraphrase the legal definition of race and how it is used in government and law enforcement in the U.S., the U.K., and France

• Race and Ethnicity

  • A race is a human population that is believed to be distinct in some way from other humans based on real or imagined physical differences.
  • Conceptions of race, as well as specific racial groupings, are often controversial due to their impact on social identity and how those identities influence someone's position in social hierarchies (see identity politics).Ethnicity, while related to race, refers not to physical characteristics but social traits that are shared by a human population.
  • Unlike race, ethnicity is not usually externally assigned by other individuals.

• Social Construct or Biological Lineage?

  • The point being, of course, that the classifications of race in the early U.S. were socially constructed in a fashion that benefitted one race over the others.
  • Additionally, because race is self-determined and there is discrimination based on race (white are favored), Brazilians have a tendency to "self-lighten," or report their race as being lighter than an independent observer may suggest.
  • Proponents of using race in biomedical research argue that ignoring race will be detrimental to the health of minority groups.
  • There are clearly biological differences between races, though they are small and, as noted above, there is greater variation within races than between races.
  • Race and race-related issues continue to impact society.

• Racial Groups

  • Six races are officially recognized: white, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, black or African American, Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, and people of two or more races.
  • A race called, "Some other race," is also used in the census and other surveys but is not official.
  • Further complicating this fact is that a person's racial identity can change over time, and self-ascribed race can differ from assigned race (Kressin et al., 2003).
  • These categories, therefore, represent a social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country. " The concept of race, as outlined for the U.S.
  • Explain what definitions of race are deployed by the U.S. census