secondary audience

Examples of secondary audience in the following topics:

• Introduction to Writing in Business

  • Each genre of business writing carries its own conventions of organization, voice, and audience.
  • The audiences and purposes will vary with each type of writing (and even within genres themselves).
  • You probably already know how to properly address the primary audience (the person or persons who are the intended recipients).
  • It's also crucial to remember that any and all forms of business writing should be appropriate for secondary audiences as well (i.e., people or groups for whom the writing may not have been originally intended, but who might read it anyway).
  • For example, you might submit a proposal to your direct supervisor (your primary audience), who in turn may pass it on to his or her supervisor, a task force or committee, or some other secondary audience.

• Proxemics

  • Secondary territory: Unlike primary territory, there is no "right" to occupancy of secondary territory, but people may still feel some degree of ownership of such space as they develop the custom of occupying it.
  • The audience may be in a secondary space which they normally occupy or in a public territory which is set aside for the particular event.
  • At the most basic level, the speaker who is using public space needs to make sure that the voice is loud enough to be heard and that all members of the audience can see the speaker, gestures, and any supporting visual materials.
  • If appropriate, the speaker may move off the platform and into the very front of the audience or move among the audience while speaking.
  • The speaker should determine if the seating is fixed in one direction or movable in order to plan any activity within the audience such as informal or small group activities.

• Group Membership

  • Audience members who belong to the same group are likely to share values, beliefs, and attitudes with other members of the group.
  • The members of your audience may be from different groups or they may all be part of the same group.
  • In general, one can look at two types of groups—primary and secondary.
  • The formation of primary groups happens within secondary groups.
  • Primary groups can be present in secondary settings.

• Physical Context

  • Consider physical contexts—traditional face-to-face with co-located audience versus delivery via videoconference to remote audience(s).
  • You can prepare for three different contexts--face to face with co-located audience , a speaker with live audience to remote audiences and a speaker with no live audience to different remote locations by video conferencing technology .
  • What is the anticipated size of the audience and the arrangement of seating?
  • Physical Context for the Combined Co-Located with One or More Secondary Locations
  • You may find yourself speaking in one primary location with the audio or video of your speech being streamed live to other secondary locations.

• Variations in Accuracy

  • If you are presenting yourself as a subject matter expert or authority, it's imperative that you have your facts straight before delivering them to a waiting audience.
  • In the age of fact-checking, it's especially important to make sure that you have done your homework and fully researched your topic and supporting evidence because chances are, your audience already has.
  • You should also understand that scholarly research comes in primary and secondary sources.
  • Secondary sources are written about primary sources and include documents such as reviews, critiques, biographies, and other scholarly books or journal articles.

• Researching Consumer Markets

  • Copy testing, also known as "pre-testing," is a form of customized research that predicts in-market performance of an ad before it airs, by analyzing audience levels of attention, brand linkage, motivation, entertainment, and communication, as well as breaking down the ad's flow of attention and flow of emotion.
  • There are two main sources of data - primary and secondary.
  • Secondary research already exists since it has been collected for other purposes.
  • Secondary research costs far less than primary research, but seldom comes in a form that exactly meets the needs of the researcher.

• The Importance of Organization

  • Good organization is the key to effective communication because it helps make your ideas accessible to your audience.
  • Skillfully constructed language has a powerful effect on its audience, and speechwriters should strive to harness that power.
  • Are you trying to inform the audience, persuade the audience, amuse the audience, or enrage the audience?
  • It would be more effective to open with the story of an abused dissident who could benefit from the fundraiser's efforts--a story that would show the audience how high the stakes are, and how donations could help.
  • For our purposes, let's define information as facts, figures, and concepts taken from primary and secondary texts.

• Primary and Secondary Research

• Secondary Groups

  • Some secondary groups may last for many years, though most are short term.
  • Secondary relationships involve weak emotional ties and little personal knowledge of one another.
  • The distinction between primary and secondary groups was originally proposed by Charles Cooley.
  • A secondary group is one you have chosen to be a part of.
  • Primary groups can form within secondary groups as relationships become more personal and close.

• Cultural Values

  • Secondary values also exist in any culture.
  • Secondary values are less permanent values that can sometimes be influenced by marketing communications.
  • In addition, core values are held by virtually an entire culture, whereas secondary values are not.
  • A subculture is a group of people who share a set of secondary values, such as environmentalists.
  • A definition for social marketing is provided by Alan Andreasen: "Social marketing is the adaptation of commercial marketing technologies to programs designed to influence the voluntary behavior of target audiences to improve their personal welfare and that of the society of which they are a part