Social deprivation

Examples of Social deprivation in the following topics:

• Deprivation and Development

  • Social deprivation theory has had implications for family law.
  • Social deprivation occurs when an individual is deprived of culturally normal interaction with the rest of society.
  • Certain groups of people are more likely to experience social deprivation.
  • By observing and interviewing victims of social deprivation, research has provided an understanding of how social deprivation is linked to human development and mental illness.
  • Thus, social deprivation may delay or hinder development, especially for children.

• Relative Deprivation Approach

  • Social scientists have cited 'relative deprivation' as a potential cause of social movements and deviance.
  • Social scientists, particularly political scientists and sociologists, have cited 'relative deprivation' (especially temporal relative deprivation) as a potential cause of social movements and deviance.
  • Feelings of deprivation are relative, as they come from a comparison to social norms that are not absolute and usually differ from time and place.
  • This leads to an important conclusion: while the objective deprivation (poverty) in the world may change over time, relative deprivation will not, as long as social inequality persists and some humans are better off than others.
  • Discuss the concepts of relative and absolute deprivation as they relate to social movements

• Social Movement Theories

  • Deprivation Theory argues that social movements have their foundations among people who feel deprived of some good(s) or resource(s).
  • First, since most people feel deprived at one level or another almost all the time, the theory has a hard time explaining why the groups that form social movements do when other people are also deprived.
  • Second, the reasoning behind this theory is circular - often the only evidence for deprivation is the social movement.
  • This theory is also subject to circular reasoning as it incorporates, at least in part, deprivation theory and relies upon it, and social/structural strain for the underlying motivation of social movement activism.
  • However, social movement activism is, like in the case of deprivation theory, often the only indication that there was strain or deprivation.

• Sources of Social Change

  • Social movement theories seek to explain how social movements form and develop.
  • Some of the better-known approaches include deprivation theory, mass-society theory, structural-strain theory, resource-mobilization theory, political process theory and culture theory.
  • Deprivation theory and resource-mobilization have been discussed in detail in this chapter's section entitled "Social Movements. "
  • This theory is subject to circular reasoning since it claims that social/structural strain is the underlying motivation of social movement activism, even though social movement activism is often the only indication that there was strain or deprivation.
  • Analyze the similarities and differences in the various social movement theories - deprivation, mass-society, structural-strain, resource-mobilization, political process and culture

• Measuring Poverty

  • Poverty is defined by deprivation, and can be measured with economic or social indicators.
  • Someone living in economic poverty may be homeless; someone living in social poverty may be illiterate.
  • Social measures of poverty may include lack of access to information, education, health care, or political power.
  • Poverty may also be understood as an aspect of inequitable social relationships, experienced as social exclusion, dependency, and/or diminished capacity to participate in society.
  • Relative poverty explains poverty as socially defined and dependent on social context.

• Resource Mobilization Approach

  • The resource-mobilization approach is a theory that seeks to explain the emergence of social movements.
  • The emphasis on resources explains why some discontented/deprived individuals are able to organize while others are not.
  • Resource mobilization theory also divides social movements according to their position among other social movements.
  • there will always be grounds for protest in modern, politically pluralistic societies because there is constant discontent (i.e., grievances or deprivation); this de-emphasizes the importance of these factors as it makes them ubiquitous
  • social movement entrepreneurs and protest organizations are the catalysts which transform collective discontent into social movements; social movement organizations form the backbone of social movements

• Functions of Religion

  • The functionalist perspective, which originates from Emile Durkheim's work on religion, highlights the social role of religion.
  • Durkheim noted that religion provides a worldview for complex modern societies in order to maintain social order and solidarity.
  • Given this approach, Durkheim proposed that religion has three major functions in society: it provides social cohesion to help maintain social solidarity through shared rituals and beliefs, social control to enforce religious-based morals and norms to help maintain conformity and control in society, and it offers meaning and purpose to answer any existential questions.
  • Religion, he argued, was an expression of social cohesion.
  • Religion, for Durkheim, is not imaginary, although he does deprive it of what many believers find essential.

• The Feminization of Poverty

  • Gender biases often deprive women of opportunities to independently pursue education or careers and are often linked to the expectation that women are responsible for childbearing and childrearing.
  • Lack of income deprives women of basic needs, such as food and shelter, and limits their opportunities for advancement.
  • As women disproportionately earn less income than men, they are deprived of basic education and healthcare, which lowers their lifetime earning potential.
  • The education of women and children, especially girls, can create greater opportunities for women to lift themselves out of poverty and increase their social position.
  • Countries with strong gender discrimination and social hierarchies limit women's access to basic education.

• External Sources of Social Change

  • Basically, social change comes from two sources.
  • On the whole, social change is usually a combination of systematic factors along with some random or unique factors.
  • There are many theories of social change.
  • It argues that the success or failure of social movements is primarily affected by political opportunities.
  • "Insurgent consciousness" refers back to the notions of deprivation and grievances.

• "The War on Poverty"

  • The War on Poverty continued the plan of the Kennedy administration, with the goal of eliminating hunger and deprivation from American life.
  • In the first months of his presidency, Johnson declared an "unconditional war on poverty," with the lofty goal of eliminating hunger and deprivation from American life.
  • In addition, funding was provided for the establishment of community health centers to expand access to health care, while major amendments were made to Social Security in 1965 and 1967 which significantly increased benefits, expanded coverage, and established new programs to combat poverty and raise living standards.
  • The project was designed to help end poverty by creating a program for preschool children from low-income families that addresses emotional, social, health, nutritional, and psychological needs.
  • The policy trains disadvantaged and at-risk youth and has provided more than two million disadvantaged young people with integrated academic, vocational, and social skills training.