Social Parameters
(noun)
The given rules and norms in a given social situation.
Examples of Social Parameters in the following topics:
-
The Functionalist Perspective on Deviance
- While this us-versus-them mentality solidified social identities and solidarities within the two categories, there was nevertheless an overarching social schism.
- A structural functionalist approach emphasizes social solidarity, divided into organic and mechanical typologies, and stability in social structures.
- Structural functionalists ask "How does any given social phenomenon contribute to social stability?"
- Second, these social parameters create boundaries between populations and enable an "us-versus-them" mentality within different groups.
- While this us-versus-them mentality solidified social identities and solidarities within the two categories, there was an overarching social schism.
-
The Functions of Deviance
- While this us-versus-them mentality solidified social identities and solidarities within the two categories, there was nevertheless an overarching social schism.
- A structural functionalist approach emphasizes social solidarity and stability in social structures.
- Structural functionalists ask: How does any given social phenomenon contribute to social stability?
- Second, these social parameters create boundaries between populations and enable an us-versus-them mentality within various groups.
- While this us-versus-them mentality solidified social identities and solidarities within the two categories, there was nevertheless an overarching social schism.
-
The Social Construction of Gender
- Social constructivists propose that there is no inherent truth to gender; it is constructed by social expectations and gender performance.
- The social construction of gender comes out of the general school of thought entitled social constructionism.
- Money is a socially constructed reality.
- Social constructionists might argue that because categories are only formed within a social context, even the affect of gender is in some ways a social relation.
- We are aware that others evaluate and characterize our behavior on the parameter of gender.
-
Gender Socialization
- Sociologists and other social scientists generally attribute many of the behavioral differences between genders to socialization.
- Preparations for gender socialization begin even before the birth of the child.
- Gender stereotypes can be a result of gender socialization.
- Identities are therefore normatively constructed along this single parameter.
- Explain the influence of socialization on gender roles and their impact
-
Alienation
- Tönnies's work shifted from conceiving of alienation in economic terms to thinking of alienation in social terms.
- Anomie describes a lack of social norms, or the breakdown of social bonds between an individual and his community ties, resulting in the fragmentation of social identity.
- According to Durkheim, when one is caught in a normless state in society, one has no parameters to hold on to and, accordingly, cannot situate oneself within that society, and so becomes socially adrift and isolated.
- Current debates about social alienation and anomie pop up in many social critiques of an increasingly technological world.
- Compare the theories of economic and social alienation posited by Marx, Simmel, Tönnies, and Durkheim
-
Interpreting confidence intervals
- Incorrect language might try to describe the confidence interval as capturing the population parameter with a certain probability.
- This is one of the most common errors: while it might be useful to think of it as a probability, the confidence level only quantifies how plausible it is that the parameter is in the interval.
- Another especially important consideration of confidence intervals is that they only try to capture the population parameter.
- Confidence intervals only attempt to capture population parameters.
-
Capturing the population parameter
- A plausible range of values for the population parameter is called a confidence interval.
- If we report a point estimate, we probably will not hit the exact population parameter.
- On the other hand, if we report a range of plausible values – a confidence interval – we have a good shot at capturing the parameter.
- If we want to be very certain we capture the population parameter, should we use a wider interval or a smaller interval?
- Likewise, we use a wider confidence interval if we want to be more certain that we capture the parameter.
-
Three-Dimensional Coordinate Systems
- A three dimensional space has three geometric parameters: $x$, $y$, and $z$.
- Each parameter is perpendicular to the other two, and cannot lie in the same plane. shows a Cartesian coordinate system that uses the parameters $x$, $y$, and $z$.
- Each parameter is labeled relative to its axis with a quantitative representation of its distance from its plane of reference, which is determined by the other two parameter axes.
- The cylindrical system uses two linear parameters and one radial parameter:
- Identify the number of parameters necessary to express a point in the three-dimensional coordinate system
-
Behavioral Economics: Irrational Actions
- Behavioral economics is the study of the effects of social, cognitive, and emotional facts on the financial decisions of individuals and institutions.
- Behavioral economics is the study of the effects of social, cognitive, and emotional factors on the economic decisions of individuals and institutions.
- Financial models: some financial models used in money management incorporate behavioral financial parameters.
- Studies interactive learning, social preferences, altruism, framing, and fairness.
-
Introduction to confidence intervals
- A point estimate provides a single plausible value for a parameter.
- Instead of supplying just a point estimate of a parameter, a next logical step would be to provide a plausible range of values for the parameter.
- In this section and in Section 4.3, we will emphasize the special case where the point estimate is a sample mean and the parameter is the population mean.
- In Section 4.5, we generalize these methods for a variety of point estimates and population parameters that we will encounter in Chapter 5 and beyond.
- This video introduces confidence intervals for point estimates, which are intervals that describe a plausible range for a population parameter.