species being

Examples of species being in the following topics:

• Newly Discovered Eukaryotes

  • There are many new species to be discovered, including eukaryotic species.
  • According to the Global Taxonomy Initiative and the European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy, the total number of species for some phyla may be much higher than what was known in 2010:10–30 million insects; (of some 0.9 million we know today) 5–10 million bacteria; 1.5 million fungi; of some 0.075 million we know today .
  • However, as suggested above most of the attention is given to large species, which represent a very small portion of the new species identified Even with this in mind, since the beginning of this century, 5 marsupial species, 25 primate, 1 elephant, 1 sloth, 3 rabbit, several rodent species, at least 30 new bat species have been discovered.
  • Considering how large an elephant is, this should point out how little we know about the numbers of microscopic eukaryotes that are yet to be discovered.
  • This graph shows how many species discovered (dark green) versus estimated species remaining to be discovered.

• The Biological Species Concept

  • Species' appearance can be misleading in suggesting an ability or inability to mate.
  • Different species may have different genes that are active in development; therefore, it may not be possible to develop a viable offspring with two different sets of directions.
  • Populations of species share a gene pool: a collection of all the variants of genes in the species.
  • When variations occur within a species, they can only be passed to the next generation along two main pathways: asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction.
  • Species that appear similar may not be able to reproduce.

• Types of Biodiversity

  • Species can be difficult to define, but most biologists still feel comfortable with the concept and are able to identify and count eukaryotic species in most contexts.
  • If there were a choice between one of these genera of species being preserved, the one with the greatest potential for subsequent evolution is the most genetically-diverse one.
  • It would be ideal not to have to make such choices, but, increasingly, this may be the norm.
  • Even with what is known, there is no central repository of names or samples of the described species; therefore, there is no way to be sure that 1.5 million is an accurate number.
  • Given that earth is losing species at an accelerating pace, science knows little about what is being lost.

• Speciation

  • Speciation is an event in which a single species may branch to form two or more new species.
  • In fact, the presence in nature of hybrids between similar species suggests that they may have descended from a single interbreeding species: the speciation process may not yet be completed.
  • Given the extraordinary diversity of life on the planet, there must be mechanisms for speciation: the formation of two species from one original species.
  • For speciation to occur, two new populations must be formed from one original population; they must evolve in such a way that it becomes impossible for individuals from the two new populations to interbreed.
  • There is no reason why there might not be more than two species formed at one time except that it is less likely; multiple events can be conceptualized as single splits occurring close in time.

• The Species Concept in Microbiology

  • The number of species of bacteria and archaea is surprisingly small, despite their early evolution, genetic, and ecological diversity.
  • The reason for this numerical peculiarity lies in the differences in species concepts between the bacteria and macro-organisms and in the difficulties in growing and characterizing in pure culture (a prerequisite to naming new species, vide supra).
  • It has been noted that if this were applied to animal classification the order of Primates would be considered a single species.
  • If the information is correct, the new species will be featured in the Validation List of IJSEM.
  • A genus contains one or more species.

• Changing Human Behavior in Response to Biodiversity Loss

  • The treaty (and the national legislation that supports) it provides a legal framework for preventing approximately 33,000 listed species from being transported across nations' borders, thus protecting them from being caught or killed when international trade is involved.
  • Additionally, species may be controversially taken off the list without necessarily having had a change in their situation.
  • The Act now lists over 800 protected species.
  • Meanwhile, climate scientists predict the resulting costs to human societies and biodiversity will be high.
  • This species was successfully saved through captive breeding programs after almost being hunted to extinction in China.

• Present-Time Extinctions

  • The background extinction rate is estimated to be about one per million species per year (E/MSY).
  • However, this value may be underestimated for three reasons.
  • Secondly, the number of recently-extinct species is increasing because extinct species now are being described from skeletal remains.
  • Species-area estimates have led to species extinction rate calculations of about 1000 E/MSY and higher.
  • A better relationship to use may be the endemics-area relationship.

• The Role of Species within Communities

  • Communities are shaped by foundation species and keystone species, while invasive species disrupt the natural balance of an area.
  • Communities are complex entities that can be characterized by their structure (the types and numbers of species present) and dynamics (how communities change over time).
  • These include the foundation species, keystone species, and invasive species.
  • If these fish were to become extinct, the community would be greatly affected.
  • Local and national politicians have weighed in on how to solve the problem, but no one knows whether the Asian carp will ultimately be considered a nuisance, like other invasive species, such as the water hyacinth and zebra mussel, or whether it will be the destroyer of the largest freshwater fishery of the world.

• Exotic Species

  • For this reason, exotic species, also called invasive species, can threaten other species through competition for resources, predation, or disease.
  • Invasive species that are closely related to rare native species have the potential to hybridize with the native species.
  • Invasive species cause competition for native species.
  • It may well be that biologists themselves are responsible for spreading this disease worldwide.
  • Describe the impact of exotic and invasive species on native species

• Species Distribution

  • Patterns are often characteristic of a particular species; they depend on local environmental conditions and the species' growth characteristics (as for plants) or behavior (as for animals).
  • Individuals of a population can be distributed in one of three basic patterns: they can be more or less equally spaced apart (uniform dispersion), dispersed randomly with no predictable pattern (random dispersion), or clustered in groups (clumped dispersion) .
  • Uniform dispersion is observed in plant species that inhibit the growth of nearby individuals.
  • Just as lower density species might have more difficulty finding a mate, solitary species with a random distribution might have a similar difficulty when compared to social species clumped together in groups.
  • Differentiate among the ways in which species distribute themselves in space