TATA box

(noun)

a DNA sequence (cis-regulatory element) found in the promoter region of genes in archaea and eukaryotes

Related Terms

Examples of TATA box in the following topics:

  • Initiation of Transcription in Eukaryotes

    • The most-extensively studied core promoter element in eukaryotes is a short DNA sequence known as a TATA box, found 25-30 base pairs upstream from the start site of transcription.
    • Only about 10-15% of mammalian genes contain TATA boxes, while the rest contain other core promoter elements, but the mechanisms by which transcription is initiated at promoters with TATA boxes is well characterized.
    • The TATA box, as a core promoter element, is the binding site for a transcription factor known as TATA-binding protein (TBP), which is itself a subunit of another transcription factor: Transcription Factor II D (TFIID).
    • After TFIID binds to the TATA box via the TBP, five more transcription factors and RNA polymerase combine around the TATA box in a series of stages to form a pre-initiation complex.

  • The Promoter and the Transcription Machinery

    • Within the promoter region, just upstream of the transcriptional start site, resides the TATA box.
    • This box is simply a repeat of thymine and adenine dinucleotides (literally, TATA repeats).
    • To initiate transcription, a transcription factor (TFIID) is the first to bind to the TATA box.
    • Binding of TFIID recruits other transcription factors, including TFIIB, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TFIIH to the TATA box.

  • Primer Extension Analysis

    • This allows one to determine the transcription initiation site (assuming the mRNA isn't further processed), which helps localize promoters or TATA boxes .

  • Group Translocation

    • In Gram-negative bacteria the Tat translocase is composed of three essential membrane proteins: TatA, TatB, and TatC.
    • A fifth Tat protein TatE that is homologous to the TatA protein is present at a much lower level in the cell than TatA.
    • In these bacteria the Tat system is made up from a single TatA and TatC component, with the TatA protein being bifunctional and fulfilling the roles of both E. coli TatA and TatB.

  • Making a Box Model

    • A box plot (also called a box-and-whisker diagram) is a simple visual representation of key features of a univariate sample.
    • A box plot (also called a box and whisker diagram) is a simple visual representation of key features of a univariate sample.
    • The box lies on a vertical axis in the range of the sample.
    • The width of the box is arbitrary, as there is no x-axis.
    • Produce a box plot that is representative of a data set.

  • Box Plots

    • There are several steps in constructing a box plot.
    • The 50th percentile is drawn inside the box.
    • Continuing with the box plots, we put "whiskers" above and below each box to give additional information about the spread of data.
    • For example, the box plots in Figure 6 are constructed from our data but differ from the previous box plots in several ways.
    • The box for the women is wider than the box for the men because the widths of the boxes are proportional to the number of subjects of each gender (31 women and 16 men).

  • Case: United States Domestic Automaker, Ford

    • At the current pace, the automotive market is approaching a 50/50 split between United States and overseas based control of the US market.As a result, Ford is challenged to constantly reevaluate and revamp its market strategy.This is evident, as Ford decided that it was more cost-effective to buy existing networks than to start from scratch, by bringing Jaguar, Volvo, Mazda, Aston Martin and Land Rover under its control.However, Ford has recently decided to sell its stake in both Jaguar and Land Rover to the Indian automaker, Tata, and may divest other divisions as well.

  • Particle in a Box

    • The wavefunction must vanish everywhere beyond the edges of the box, as the potential outside of the box is infinite.
    • where n = {1,2,3,4...} and L is the size of the box .
    • Energy and position relationships of the particle in a box.
    • Inside the box the potential V(x) is zero.
    • Outside the box the potential energy is infinite.

  • Energy Density

    • Let's imagine that light is traveling through a small box.
    • How much energy is in the box at any time?
    • First it is easiest to think about how much energy in the box is traveling in a particular direction through the box during a small time interval such that $c dt$ is the length of the box,
    • This energy equals the energy that enters the box traveling in the right direction during the time interval $dt$,

  • Basic Operations

    • For example, say you have a group of 2 boxes and another group of 3 boxes.
    • If you combine both groups together, you now have one group of 5 boxes.
    • Continuing the previous example, say you start with a group of 5 boxes.
    • If you then remove 3 boxes from that group, you are left with 2 boxes.
    • Again, to return to the box example, splitting up a group of 8 boxes into 4 equal groups results in 4 groups of 2 boxes: