Third English Civil War

Examples of Third English Civil War in the following topics:

• Maryland

  • Maryland was established in 1632 as a haven for English Roman Catholics in the New World.
  • The province began as a proprietary colony of the English Lord Baltimore and as a haven for English Roman Catholics in the New World.
  • In 1642, Maryland declared war on the Susquehannock Indian nation and remained in an inactive state of war until a peace treaty was concluded in 1652.
  • From 1644 to 1646, the "Plundering Time" was a period of civil unrest caused by the tensions of the English Civil War (1641–1651).
  • In 1654, after the Third English Civil War (1649–1651), Puritan rebels briefly seized control of the province.

• The English Protectorate

  • The Commonwealth was the period when England, later along with Ireland and Scotland, was ruled as a republic following the end of the Second English Civil War and the trial and execution of Charles I (1649).
  • During the period, fighting continued, particularly in Ireland and Scotland, between the parliamentary forces and those opposed to them, as part of what is now referred to as the Third English Civil War.
  • The first was "healing and settling" the nation after the chaos of the civil wars and the regicide. 
  • This led to his encouraging Jews to return to England, 350 years after their banishment by Edward I, in the hope that they would help speed up the recovery of the country after the disruption of the English Civil War.
  • In early 1649, the Confederates allied with the English Royalists, who had been defeated by the Parliamentarians in the English Civil War.

• Cromwell and the Roundheads

  • The escalating conflict between Charles I of England and the English Parliament resulted in the English Civil War, in the aftermath of which monarchy disappeared for over a decade and Oliver Cromwell ruled  as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
  • What followed, is know as the English Civil War (1642–1651), which developed into a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers").
  • The first (1642–46) and second (1648–49) wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third (1649–51) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II (Charles I's son) and supporters of the Rump Parliament.
  • He was an intensely religious man (an Independent Puritan), who entered the English Civil War on the side of the "Roundheads" or Parliamentarians.
  • The victory of the Parliamentarian New Model Army over the Royalist Army at the Battle of Naseby on June 14, 1645 marked the decisive turning point in the English Civil War.

• The Hundred Years' War

  • In the 13th century, after the Magna Carta failed to prevent the Baron Wars, King John and his son King Henry III's reigns were characterized by numerous rebellions and civil wars, often provoked by incompetence and mismanagement in government.
  • Although primarily a dynastic conflict, the war gave impetus to ideas of French and English nationalism.
  • The dissatisfaction of English nobles, resulting from the loss of their continental landholdings, became a factor leading to the civil wars known as the Wars of the Roses (1455–1487).
  • In France, civil wars, deadly epidemics, famines, and bandit free-companies of mercenaries reduced the population drastically.
  • The Lancastrian War was the third phase of the Anglo-French Hundred Years' War.

• The First Stuarts and Catholicism

  • Reluctant King James to declare war on Spain.
  • In January 1629, Charles opened the second session of the English Parliament. 
  • The escalating conflict between the king and the Parliament resulted in what is known as the English Civil War (1642–1651).
  • The first (1642–46) and second (1648–49) wars pitted the supporters of Charles against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third (1649–51) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament.
  • Constitutionally, the wars established the precedent that an English monarch cannot govern without Parliament's consent, although the idea of parliament as the ruling power of England was legally established as part of the Glorious Revolution in 1688.

• From New Netherland to New York

  • Over the next few decades, wars with the American Indians erupted, as well as conflicts with the English.
  • During the Second Anglo-Dutch War (1664–1667), English forces gained control of the Dutch fur trading colony of New Netherland, and in 1664, Charles II gave this colony (including present-day New Jersey) to his brother James, Duke of York (later James II).
  • In 1673, during the Third Anglo-Dutch War (1672–1674), the Dutch recaptured the colony; however, at the end of the conflict, the English had regained control.
  • Slaves could testify in court, sign legal documents, and bring civil actions against whites.
  • Soon after the English had gained control of New Netherland, James granted the land between the Hudson and Delaware rivers to two friends who had been loyal to him through the English Civil War and named it New Jersey after the English Channel Island of Jersey.

• Taxation Without Representation

  • In short, many of these colonists believed that as they were not directly represented in the British Parliament, any laws it passed taxing the colonists (such as the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act) were illegal under the English Bill of Rights of 1689, and were a denial of their rights as Englishmen.
  • The phrase captures a sentiment central to the cause of the English Civil War, as articulated by John Hampden who said, "what an English King has no right to demand, an English subject has a right to refuse."
  • This tax, which was only applied to coastal towns during a time of war, was intended to offset the cost of defending that part of the coast and could be paid in actual ships or the equivalent value.
  • It was a cause of the English Civil War, and many British colonists in the 1750s, 1760s, and 1770s felt that it was related to their current situation.

• Freedom in New Netherland

  • On August 27, 1664, four English frigates sailed into New Amsterdam's harbor and demanded New Netherland's surrender.
  • The surrender of Fort Amsterdam to England in 1664 was formalized in 1667, contributing to the Second Anglo-Dutch War.
  • Although largely observed in New Amsterdam and the Hudson River Valley, the terms of surrender were immediately violated by the English along the Delaware River, where pillaging, looting, and arson were undertaken under the orders of English Colonel Richard Carr who had been dispatched to secure the valley.
  • In 1673, the Dutch re-took the area but the next year, finding itself financially bankrupt, the republic relinquished New Netherland under the Second Treaty of Westminster in November, 1674, ending the Third Anglo-Dutch War.
  • Analyze the Anglo-Dutch wars and the transfer of New Amsterdam to the British

• Union Finances

  • The Union emerged from the Civil War with a healthy economy by funding the war with new taxes, printing money, and issuing government bonds.
  • Chase showed remarkable ingenuity in financing the war without crippling the economy.
  • The United States required more than three billion dollars to pay for the immense armies and fleets raised to fight the Civil War and more than $400 million in 1862 alone.
  • Apart from instituting new taxes and printing money, a third major source of funding was government bonds.
  • The Greenback bill issued by the United States during the Civil War

• The First Amendment

  • The First Amendment to the US Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights, and protects core American civil liberties.
  • Anti-war protests during World War I gave rise to several important free speech cases related to sedition and inciting violence.
  • United States, concerning the ability of the government to regulate speech against the draft during World War I.
  • However, the US Bill of Rights established more liberties than the English Bill of Rights.
  • Compare and contrast civil rights with civil liberties with respect to the First Amendment