Treaties of Rastatt and Baden

(noun)

Two peace treaties that in 1714 ended ongoing European conflicts following the War of the Spanish Succession. The first treaty, signed between France and Austria in the city of Rastatt, followed the earlier Treaty of Utrecht of 1713, which ended hostilities between France and Spain, on the one hand, and Britain and the Dutch Republic, on the other hand. The second treaty, signed in Baden, was required to end the hostilities between France and the Holy Roman Empire.

Related Terms

Examples of Treaties of Rastatt and Baden in the following topics:

  • The Question of Spanish Succession

    • In an attempt to avoid war, Louis signed the Treaty of the Hague with William III of England in 1698.
    • In 1700, Louis and William III concluded a fresh partitioning agreement, the Treaty of London.
    • The 1713 Treaty of Utrecht recognized Louis XIV's grandson Philip, Duke of Anjou, as King of Spain (as Philip V), thus confirming the succession stipulated in the will of the Charles II.
    • After the signing of the Utrecht treaties, the French continued to be at war with Emperor Charles VI and with the Holy Roman Empire until 1714, when hostilities were ended with the Treaties of Rastatt and Baden.
    • Spain and Portugal remained formally at war with each other until the Treaty of Madrid of February 1715, while peace between Spain and Emperor Charles VI, unsuccessful claimant to the Spanish crown, came only in 1720 with the signing of the Treaty of The Hague.

  • The Peace of Utrecht

    • With Great Britain and France having agreed upon a truce, the pace of negotiation quickened and the main treaties were finally signed on in April 1713.
    • The treaty, which was in fact a series of separate treaties, secured Britain's main war aims: Louis XIV's acknowledgement of the Protestant succession in England and safeguards to ensure that the French and Spanish thrones remained separate.
    • After the signing of the Utrecht treaties, the French continued to be at war with the Holy Roman Empire until 1714, when hostilities ended with the treaties of Rastatt and Baden.
    • Spain and Portugal remained formally at war with each other until the Treaty of Madrid of February 1715, while peace between Spain and Emperor Charles VI, unsuccessful claimant to the Spanish crown, came only in 1720 with the signing of the Treaty of The Hague.
    • First edition of the the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht between Great Britain and Spain in Spanish (left) and a later edition in Latin and English.

  • William of Orange and the Grand Alliance

    • William and Louis agreed to the First Partition Treaty (Treaty of Hague), which provided for the division of the Spanish Empire: Duke Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria would obtain Spain, while France and the Holy Roman Emperor would divide the remaining territories between them.
    • In 1700, the two rulers agreed to the Second Partition Treaty (Treaty of London), under which the territories in Italy would pass to a son of the King of France and the other Spanish territories would be inherited by a son of the Holy Roman Emperor.
    • The French conveniently ignored the Second Partition Treaty and claimed the entire Spanish inheritance.
    • The news that Louis XIV had accepted Charles II's will and that the Second Partition Treaty was dead was a personal blow to William III.
    • By the terms of the Treaty of Utrecht (1713) and of the Treaty of Rastatt (1714), the Spanish empire was partitioned between the major and minor powers.

  • Wilson's Fourteen Points

    • The decree led to the March 3, 1918, signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, under which Russia immediately withdrew from the war.
    • Copies were dropped behind German lines to encourage the Central Powers to surrender in the expectation of a just settlement and, indeed, that was the result – a note sent to Wilson by German Imperial Chancellor Maximilian of Baden in October 1918 requested an immediate armistice and peace negotiations on the basis of the Fourteen Points.
    • This made it the centerpiece of the long debates over an equitable peace settlement and treaty terms that came afterward.
    • The Treaty of Versailles had little to do with the Fourteen Points and was never ratified by the U.S.
    • Georges Clemenceau (28 September 1841 – 24 November 1929) served as the Prime Minister of France and was one of the principal architects of the Treaty of Versailles.

  • Spanish Exploration

    • He also explored the northeast coast of Cuba and the northern coast of Hispaniola.
    • An agreement was reached in 1494, with the Treaty of Tordesillas that divided the world between the two powers.
    • In the treaty, the Portuguese received everything outside Europe east of a line that ran 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde islands (already Portuguese), and the islands reached by Christopher Columbus on his first voyage (claimed for Spain; Cuba and Hispaniola).
    • Therefore, Spain sought to enforce their rights in the Moluccan islands, which led a conflict with the Portuguese, but the issue was resolved with the Treaty of Zaragoza (1525).
    • Following the Age of Discovery and the colonization of the Americas, the Spanish Empire became the most powerful state in Europe: [Blue] Territories of the Portuguese empire during the Iberian Union (1580-1640); [Purple] Territories lost before or due to the Treaties of Utrecht-Baden (1713–1714); [Red] Territories lost before or during the Spanish American wars of independence (1808-1833); [Orange] Territories lost following the Spanish-American War (1898-1899); [Green] Territories granted independence during the Decolonization of Africa (1956-1976); [Brown] Current territories administered by Spain.