Examples of Waltham-Lowell System in the following topics:
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- The Waltham-Lowell System was a labor and production model employed during the early years of the American textile industry.
- The precursor to the Waltham-Lowell system was the "Rhode Island System," established by British immigrant Samuel Slater in the 1790s.
- This immensely profitable model became known as the Waltham-Lowell System, or Lowell System.
- Lowell became one of the largest cities in New England, boasting ten textile corporations, all employing the Waltham-Lowell System.
- Describe the transformation of the "Rhode Island System" into the Waltham -Lowell System and its effects on textile production
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- The American System, or Armory System, emerged in the 1820s and involved semi-skilled labor to produce standardized and identical interchangeable parts that could be assembled with a minimum of time and skill.
- In 1814, Francis Cabot Lowell's Boston Manufacturing Company developed a system of labor known as the Waltham-Lowell system, in which "mill girls," as they came to be known, lived under supervision in boarding houses provided by the company and conformed to a strict schedule, working eighty hours per week.
- The Waltham-Lowell system became a template for manufacturing in the textile industry.
- Describe two key features of the factory system in early 19th-century America
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- By the 1820s, this system began to be replaced by a more efficient system based upon the ideas of Francis Cabot Lowell, an American businessman who was instrumental in bringing the Industrial Revolution to the United States.
- In the "Waltham-Lowell System," for the first time, both spinning and weaving occurred on site, and mill workers resided in collective company housing under strict supervision.
- Lowell popularized the use of the wage labor, a system in which a worker sells his or her labor to an employer under contract.
- This model became known as the "Waltham-Lowell System."
- In 1821, the young women employed by the Boston Manufacturing Company in Waltham went on strike for two days when their wages were cut.
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- But by the 1820s, this system began to be replaced by a more efficient system based upon the ideas of Francis Cabot Lowell.
- Lowell, a Massachusetts merchant, was permitted to tour British textile factories in 1810.
- In the "Waltham-Lowell System," for the first time, both spinning and weaving occurred on site and mill workers resided in collective company housing under strict supervision.
- Following his death in 1817, Lowell's associates built America's first planned factory town: the eponymous Lowell, Massachusetts.
- Slater was an influential textile mill founder who founded the "Rhode Island System. "
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- The workplaces created for the sweating system comprised anywhere from a few to more than one hundred workers.
- In 1821, the young women employed by the Boston Manufacturing Company in Waltham went on strike for two days when their wages were cut.
- Similar strikes occurred at Lowell and in other mill towns such as Dover, New Hampshire, where the women employed by the Cocheco Manufacturing Company ceased working in December 1828 after their wages were reduced.
- In the 1830s, female mill operatives in Lowell formed the Lowell Factory Girls Association to organize strike activities in the face of wage cuts, and later established the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association to protest the 12-hour workday.
- In Lowell, Massachusetts, for example, the daughters of New England farmers encountered competition from the daughters of Irish farmers suffering the effects of the potato famine; these immigrant women were willing to work for far less and to endure worse conditions than native-born women were, and American manufacturers took advantage of this to keep wages low.
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- New industrial towns, including Waltham, Lowell, and countless others, dotted the landscape of the Northeast.
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- Welfare capitalism refers to a welfare state in a capitalist economic system or to businesses providing welfare-like services to employees.
- Welfare capitalism refers either to the combination of a capitalist economic system with a welfare state or, in the American context, to the practice of private businesses providing welfare-like services to employees.
- Some companies even provided housing, such as the boarding houses provided for female employees of textile manufacturers in Lowell, Massachusetts.
- Yet by mid-century, many of these protections had been pushed back through the court system.