Relationship Behavior

Examples of Relationship Behavior in the following topics:

• Leadership and Followers: Hersey and Blanchard

  • For Hersey and Blanchard, leadership style is determined by the mix of task behavior and relationship behavior that the leader shows.
  • Relationship behavior concerns how people interact together to achieve a goal.
  • S2 leading is still primarily task behavior, but now it includes some relationship behavior.
  • Participating leadership shifts the balance toward relationship behavior and away from task behavior.
  • S4 is primarily relationship behavior.

• Leadership Model: University of Michigan

  • The Michigan behavioral studies are an important link in the ongoing development of behavioral theory in a leadership framework.
  • Individual ideas, actions, and behaviors have been identified as indicating leadership within societal structures.
  • These theories evaluate the relationship of the leader to organizational members and examine styles of leadership, adding to the general knowledge of leader behavior and effectiveness.
  • The studies also identified three critical characteristics of effective leaders: task-oriented behavior, relationship-oriented behavior, and participative leadership.
  • Discuss the Michigan Leadership Studies generated in the 1950s and 1960s in the broader context of behavioral approaches to leadership

• How Values Influence Behavior

  • Values influence behavior because people emulate the conduct they hold valuable.
  • The relationship between values and behavior is intimate, as values create a construct for appropriate actions.
  • If people see that certain behaviors are rewarded, then they may decide to alter their behavior and in turn alter their values.
  • In addition, a gap sometimes exists between a person's values and behavior.
  • Discuss the positive relationship between meaningful corporate and employee values and behavior in the workplace

• The Behavioral-Science Approach

  • Behavioral science uses research and the scientific method to determine and understand behavior in the workplace.
  • Behavioral science uses research and the scientific method to determine and understand behavior in the workplace.
  • Many of the theories in the behavioral perspective are included in the behavioral-science approach to management.
  • This includes concepts such as information processing, relationships and motivation, and organizational development.
  • Behavioral sciences also include relational sciences that deal with relationships, interaction, communication networks, associations, and relational strategies or dynamics between organisms or cognitive entities in a social system.

• How Job Satisfaction Influences Behavior

  • There are some indications that job satisfaction is directly tied to job performance; nonetheless, feeling less stressed can positively affect a person's behavior.
  • One proven way to enhance job satisfaction is rewarding employees based on performance and positive behavior.
  • Consequently, the individual is likely to replicate this ‘normal' behavior.
  • These positive changes in behavior show that people learn from their environments and that corporate culture plays a large part in creating job satisfaction.
  • Discuss the way in which job satisfaction reflects upon work behaviors in an organization

• Four Theories of Leadership

  • Research in the field of trait theory has shown significant positive relationships between effective leadership and personality traits such as intelligence, extroversion, conscientiousness, self-efficacy, and openness to experience.
  • He identified three relevant aspects of the situation: the quality of the leader's relationships with others, how well structured their tasks were, and the leader's amount of formal authority.
  • Behavioral theory also incorporates B.F.
  • Skinner's theory of behavior modification, which takes into account the effect of reward and punishment on changing behavior.
  • The father of behavioral theory showed the connection between behaviors and reward and punishment.

• Behaviorism: Follett, Munsterberg, and Mayo

  • Behaviorism initiated a focus on the psychological and human factors influencing workers.
  • These three individuals wrote about the importance of considering behavioral aspects of workers in addition to the efficiency of workers.
  • Follett was known for the concept of reciprocal relationships and the idea that authority is inferior to integrative collaboration.
  • Follett, Munsterberg, and Mayo each introduced important components and ideas into the behaviorism perspective of management.
  • Compare and contrast the three most famous pioneers and founders of the behavioral perspective in organizational theory

• Leadership Model: The Ohio State University

  • This consideration and initiating structure of behavior yielded a number of interesting results.
  • A survey with 150 statements (narrowed down from nearly 2000 potential statements), which was titled the Leadership Behavior Description Questionnaire), was delivered to leaders to identify what types of behaviors were most effective in leading.
  • Nine specific behaviors were identified and measured.
  • With a focus on interpersonal relationships, mutual trust and friendship, the consideration leadership style is people-oriented.
  • Unlike the people-oriented style above, this is a task-oriented perspective which focuses on behaviors like:

• Expectancy Theory

  • In organizational behavior, expectancy theory embraces Victor Vroom's definition of motivation.
  • Vroom proposed that a person decides to behave in a certain way, selecting one behavior over other behaviors, based on the expected result of the selected behavior.
  • In essence, the motivation behind chosen behavior is determined by the desirability of the expected outcome.
  • These three elements also have clearly defined relationships: effort-performance expectancy (E>P expectancy), performance-outcome expectancy (P>O expectancy).
  • Expectancy theory can help managers understand how individuals are motivated to choose among various behavioral alternatives.

• Assessing and Restoring Equity

  • The assessment and restoration of equity helps improve employee performance and organizational behavior.
  • Similar to human resources management, organizational behavior management (OBM) is an important aspect of management.
  • OBM applies psychological principles of organizational behavior and the experimental analysis of behavior to organizations to improve individual and group performance.
  • Equity theory plays a role in analyzing organizational behavior.
  • Equity is measured by comparing the ratios of contributions and benefits of each person within the relationship.